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Y7 Revision > science revision > Flashcards

science revision Flashcards

1
Q

Can you have Diffusion in a solid

A

No as the particles in a solid are to tightly packed together and they vibrate

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2
Q

Can you have Diffusion in a liquid or a gas

A

Yes as the particles are spread out more and unorganized enabling high concentrations of one particle to move freely in to lower concentrations

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2
Q

What is Diffusion

A

In liquids and gases, particles spread out from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This is how smells spread out through the air and liquids spread out when placed in water

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3
Q

Explain the process of Filtration

A

Separates insoluble solid from a liquid. Solid particles in a liquid are removed by the use of a filter (filter paper) that allows the liquid to pass through but retains the solid particles. An example would be sand from water

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3
Q

How does temperature effect Diffusion

A

The hotter the temperature the more kinetic energy the particles have causing them to move faster and collide more often. This allows them to spread out more quickly, increasing the rate of Diffusion.

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4
Q

What process would you use to separate salt from water if you just wanted the salt

A

evaporation

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5
Q

What process would you use to separate salt from water if you just wanted the water

A

Distillation using evaporation and then condensation. It can separate liquids with different boiling points

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6
Q

What is the process of Chromatography

A

Its a process of separating components of a mixture. Paper Chromatography is a method for separating dissolved substances from one another such as ink on a paper using water

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7
Q

What is the separation method using Magnetism

A

Separates magnetic material from non-magnetic

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8
Q

What is a mixture

A

Two or more substances mixed together but not chemically bonded. An example is saltwater or sand and water

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9
Q

What is a Solute

A

A substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution

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10
Q

What is a Solvent

A

A substance that dissolves other substances to create a solution

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11
Q

What is a Solution

A

A mixture involving two or more substances.

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12
Q

Define what soluble substances is

A

If it dissolves in certain fluids

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13
Q

Define what an insoluble substance is

A

a substance that can not be dissolved in fluids

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14
Q

What is concentration

A

A measure of the amount of dissolved substance in a solution

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15
Q

What is the most common solvent

A

Water

16
Q

What do we mean by a saturated solution

A

A solution where the solute dissolves until it is not able to dissolve any more

17
Q

What is solubility

A

The measure of how much a solute can be dissolved

18
Q

How does temperature generally affect the solubility of solids in liquids?

A

The higher the temperature the higher the solubility due to the kinetic energy of the solid particles making them move around more in the liquid.

19
Q

What is a concentrated solution

A

A solution which contains a large amount of dissolved solute

20
Q

What is a dilute solution

A

A solution which contains a small amount of dissolved solute

21
Q

what happens to the particles of a solute when it dissolves in a solvent

A

The particles are surrounded by the solvent particles and separated from each other

22
Q

what factors can affect the rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent

A

Temperature, the surface area of the solute, and the agitation of the solution (dissolving sugar in water will occur more quickly if the water is stirred)

23
Q

What is an example of a common solution

A

salt and water. Sugar and water

24
Q

what is an aqueous solution

A

a solution in which the solvent is water

25
Q

why do sugar and salt dissolve differently in water

A

Sugar molecules are bigger so have a larger surface area and dissolve quicker than salt

26
Q

What is an element made of

A

An element is a pure substance and made from just one type of atom. Examples are Oxygen, Hydrogen or Iron

27
Q

what is a compound

A

a pure substance made up of two or more elements chemically bonded together. For example water, which is made from the elements hydrogen and oxygen

28
Q

what is a pure substance

A

a substance only made up of one element or compound. example oxygen (element) or water (compound)

29
Q

What is an impure substance

A

A substance that contains more than one element or compound or a mixture of both and can be converted to their individual pure substances through separation techniques. examples of impure substances would be air or seawater

30
Q

What is the technique used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

A

Filtration

31
Q

what equipment is typically used in filtration

A

Funnel, filter paper and a conical flask

32
Q

what is the technique used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid

A

Evaporation

33
Q

what is the technique used to separate mixtures based on their boiling point

A

Distillation

34
Q

what is the technique used to separate different substances based on their solubility

A

Chromatography

35
Q

What is the solid that remains on the filter paper after filtration

A

residue

36
Q

What is the liquid that passes through the filter paper during filtration

A

The filtrate

37
Q

How does simple distillation differ from fractional distillation

A

simple is used when the boiling points are significantly different. fractional is used when the boiling points are close

38
Q

what is the mobile phase in chromatography

A

the liquid or gas that moves through the stationary phase, carrying the sample to be separated. For example, the water would be the mobile phase and paper the stationary phase when separating inks or dyes

39
Q

what is the stationary phase in chromatography

A

is a solid or liquid that remains in place while the mobile phase passes over it. For example the paper in paper chromatography

40
Q

what is the technique used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid by forming solid crystals from the solution

A

Crystallisation via evaporation

Y7 Revision (6 decks)

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