Science Pre-Test Flashcards
Inflammation, production of interferon, and ingestion of pathogens by phagocytes are nonspecific cellular responses by which of the following?
A : The internal aspect of adaptive immune system
B : Antibody-mediated immunity
C : The internal aspect of the innate immune system
D : Passive immunity
The internal aspect of the innate system
What feature of the adaptive immune system decreases the amount of time it takes for the body to respond to a particular antigen?
A : Unbroken skin
B : Memory cells
C : Cytotoxic T-Cells
D : Inflammation
Memory cells
Which of the following occurs in the cardiac cycle of the impulse triggered at the sinoatrial node never reaches the Purkinje fibers of the heart?
A : The Atria will not contract
B : There will be an absence of systole
C : The ventricles will not contract
D : Diastole will shorten in duration
The ventricles will not contract
Which of the following describes the link between damaged villi and malnutrition?
A : Damaged villi decrease the nutrient absorbing surface area in the gastrointestinal tract
B : if villi are damaged, the surface area of the stomach is decreased
C : Peristalsis of the large intestine will be diminished
D : Damaged villi cause gastric reflux disease
Damaged villi decease the nutrient-absorbing surface area in the gastrointestinal tract
Which of the following organs is responsible for the majority of the chemical digestión and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system?
A : large intestine
B : small intestine
C : liver
D : pancreas
Small intestine
Contraction occurs when the thin ____ filaments slide past the thicker _____ filaments, causing the sarcomere unit to shorten or contract.
A : actin ; myosin
B : myosin; axon
C : axon ; actin
D : dendrite; axon
Actin, myosin
The endocrine system is a collection of ductless glands that produce which of the following responses ?
A : A quickly initiating but prolonged response on our body systems
B : A slowly initiating and short response on our body systems
C : A quickly initiating and short response on other body systems
D : A slowly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems
A slowly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems
Which of the following glands has an exocrine function and aids in the regulation of blood glucose?
A : adrenal
B : pancreas
C : thyroid
D : pituitary
Páncreas
Which of the following terms refers to the middle layer of the skin that is made of connective tissue
A : hypodermis
B : keratin
C : dermis
D : epidermis
Dermis
Which of the following is produced by the skin when a cholesterol based precursor is modified by the presence of ultraviolet radiation?
A : renin
B : vitamin d
C : sweat
D : keratin
Vitamin D
Which of the following types of bone cells perform mineral resorption?
A : osteons
B : osteocytes
C : osteoblasts
D : Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts
Inside of adult long bones, yellow bone marrow is located within which of the following ?
A : lamellae
B : medullary cavity
C : osteon
D : spongy bone
Medullary cavity
Which of the following types of tissue serves to fasten and support body parts?
A : connective
B : nervous
C : epithelial
D : muscle
Connective
Which of the following leaves the body vía vas deferens ?
A : gametes
B : follicles
C : zygotes
D : corpora lutea
Gametes
Which of the following reproductive organs produces Sperm in males and ova in females?
A : follicles
B : prostate
C : scrotum
D : gonads
Gonads
Which of the following is the term used to describe an action potential jumping from node to node in an axon ?
A : reverberation
B : temporal summation
C : saltatory conduction
D : ricocheting
Saltatory conduction
A polysaccharide can be described as which of the following
A : a carbohydrate that is made of many sugar molecules
B : a molecule that is made up of many amino acid monomers
C : a macromolecule that makes up many lipid molecules
D : a polymer made up of many fatty acids bonded together
A carbohydrate that is made of many sugar molecules
Which of the following is a chemical reaction between two molecules in which water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms?
A : hydrolysis reaction
B : dehydration reaction
C : exothermic reaction
D : ionic reaction
Dehydration reaction
If a DNA segment of GGA TAC ATA is used as a template for RNA, what will the sequence of bases be in the complementary codons?
A : CCT ATG TAT
B : GGA TAC ATA
C : CCU AUG UAU
D : CCG AGU GAG
CCU AUG UAU
Which of the following is a triplet of nitrogenous bases that codes for an amino acid?
A : complementary strand
B : template strand
C : nucleotide
D : codon
Codon
Inheritance can be described as which of the following ?
A : spontaneous development of new traits in offspring
B : transmission of characteristics to offspring
C : sharing of characteristics with siblings
D : transmission of characteristics to parents
Transmission of characteristics to offspring
Genetic information describing the characteristics of an organisms is found in which of the following ?
A : ribosome
B : nucleus
C : lysosome
D : mitochondrion
Nucleus
Which of the following best describes the result of mitosis?
A : new body cells that replace damaged body cells
B : reproductive cells that can lead to new offspring
C : secretion of keratin used in nail and bar production
D : new proteins that can be used to build structures in the cell
New body cells that replace damaged body cells
Which of the following statements describes the function of ribosomes?
A : they are used by cells to protect strands of dna
B : they maintain lipid production and storage
C : the facilitate protein synthesis
D : they convert food energy into cell energy
They facilitate protein synthesis
Which for the following statements correctly describes a major metabolic pathway?
A : photosynthesis is a reductive, degradative pathway
B : respiration is an oxidative, degradative pathway
C : photosynthesis is an oxidative, synthetic pathway
D : respiration is a reductive, synthetic pathway
Respiration is an oxidative, degradative pathway
Atomic mass has a decimal because it is the average ____ of all the isotopes for a particular element. The atomic number of an element is the number of _____ in its nucleus.
A : number of electrons, protons
B : mass; protons
C : mass; neutrons
D : protons ; neutrons
Mass, protons
An atom that has lost an electron becomes _____ in charge and is called a _____
A : positive ; anion
B : negative ; cation
C : negative ; anion
D : positive; cation
Positive,cation
Which of the following statements is true about protons?
A : they can travel around the nucleus of an atom
B : they can be shared with another atom in a covalent bond
C : they can be transferred to another atom in an ionic bond
D : they are located in the nucleus of an atom
They are located in nucleus of an atom
Which of the following is characteristic of a graph displaying the physical stages of substance under varying temperature and pressure?
A : showing the “critical point” combination of temperature and pressure where a substance can exist in all three phases
B : showing the relationship between temperature and the energy change of a substance (in Kj)
C : having temperature and pressure as it’s axes and is called a boiling point diagram
D : having temperature and pressure as it’s axes and a phase diagram
Having temperature and pressure as it’s axes and is called a phase diagram
Each elements atomic number is determined by the number of which of the following types of particles in each atom ?
A : protons
B : electrons
C : neutrons
D : ions
Protons
The number of which of the following particles will differ for each isotope of the same element?
A : electrons orbiting its nucleus
B : ions that it can produce
C : neutrons in its nucleus
D : neutrons orbiting its nucleus
Neutrons in its nucleus
Which of the following best describes the mass of an object?
A: A chemical and intensive property
B: An extensive property and physical property
C: A physical property and intensive property
D: An intensive and extensive property
An extensive property and physically property
Which of the following characteristics applies to the bonds holding together nonpolar covalent molecules?
A : they share electrons between atoms and result in a balanced distribution of charges throughout the molecule
B : they share electrons between oxygen atoms of two different water Molecule
C : They hold water molecules in hydrogen bind associations that increase in number as temperature decreases
D : They are made from the joining of oppositely charged ions that develop with electron transfer
They share electrons between atoms and result in a balanced distribution of charges throughout the molecule
Which of the following is the appropriate prefix to measure the amount of space taken up by a penny ?
A : kilo
B : milli
C : micro
D : deca
Milli
Which of the following is a true statement about SI units ?
A : The term “SI UNIT” is an abbreviation for the phase scientific instrument units
B : SI UNITS are part of a standard system of measurement that is sued in science
C : When using SI UNITS, indicating magnitude may include conversion between yards and miles
D : Prefixes used with SI UNITS that are unique to whether magnitude is being indicated for mass, length, or volume
SI units are part of a standard system of measurement that is used in science
In which of the following scenarios is empirical date being collected ?
A : Nina discovers that she has cut out too many green square pieces of fabric for the quilt she is working on
B : Camille imagines that it will be best for her to grow tomatoes in the front garden this year
C : ian writes down his conclusion about why he is able to hide his bike faster than his sister
D : Samantha counts the number of school busses that pass her house on Monday between 2:00 pm and 3:00 pm
Samantha counts the number of school busses that pass her house on Monday between 2:00 pm and 3:00 pm
Which of the following is a requirement in order to develop a sound conclusion?
A : data collection that is both accurate and biased
B : data that reflects the effect ( of lack of effect) of the dependent variable
C : data that is collected from a scientific experiment instead of a correlation study
D : data that is collected from an experiment that includes a control
Data that is collected from an experiment that includes a control
Which of the following statements is true about understanding magnitude when describing relationships?
A : unit of scale is insignificant when describing the relative quantity
B : a micrometer is smaller than a centimeter and a centimeter is smaller than a kilometer
C : it is reasonable to omit units of measure when describing quantitative relationships
D : magnitude is characteristic of qualitative data
A micrometer is smaller than a centimeter, and a centimeter is smaller than a kilometer
Which of the following is an example of a hypothesis
A : as the dog ran around the tree he continued to bark
B : one cup of soda was added to each of the plants in one group
C : there are ten kinds of birds outside my kitchen window
D : if a plant is watered with acid rain it grow more slowly
If a plant is watered with acid rain, it will grow more slowly
Students are designing an experiment to test the effect of drinking lemonade on the number of sit-ups they are able to perform. Which of the following is the dependent variable ?
A : drinking lemonade
B : drinking water
C : number of sit ups
D : time between sit ups
Number of sit-ups
Which of the following options correctly matches the SI unit with an appropriate measurement device ?
A : a graduated pipette measures gram
B : a beaker measures ounces
C : an analytical balance measures meter
D : a thermometer measures kelvins
A thermometer measures kelvin
Which of the following variables is manipulated during an experiment?
A : control
B : independent
C : dependent
D : extraneous
Independent
