Posttest Flashcards
Which of the following stimulates the production of antibodies?
Immunoglobulin
Interferon
Vaccine
Cytokines
Vaccine
Which of the following types of defense can be gained through the placenta, breast milk, or by receiving a serum containing antibodies?
Cell-mediated immunity
Innate immunity
Passive immunity
Nonspecific response immunity
Passive immunity
Which of the following processes occurs during tubular reabsorption?
Urine from filtrate moves back into the bloodstream.
Renin from urine moves back into the bloodstream.
Useful material moves from filtrate back into the bloodstream.
Filtrate from the bloodstream moves back into urine.
Useful material moves from filtrate back into the bloodstream.
Which of the following correctly describes the function of a structure in the circulatory system?
The aorta contains oxygen-poor blood.
The pulmonary vein takes blood away from the heart.
The pulmonary artery takes blood away from the lungs.
The pulmonary artery contains oxygen-poor blood.
The pulmonary artery contains oxygen-poor blood.
Which of the following structures of the heart contains oxygen-rich blood?
Superior vena cava
Right ventricle
Right atrium
Pulmonary veins
Pulmonary veins
Which of the following liquids emulsifies lipids during digestion?
Chyme
Saliva
Bile
Amylase
Bile
Which of the following terms refers to the involuntary waves of contractions in the digestive system that move food through the gastrointestinal tract?
A Retroperistalsis
B Gastric reflux
C Segmentation
D Peristalsis
D Peristalsis
Which of the following terms refers to the part of the nervous system that causes skeletal muscle contractions?
A Involuntary division
B Somatic division
C Autonomic division
D Visceral division
B Somatic division
Which of the following hormones is released and stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth?
A Follicle-stimulating
B Glucagon
C Oxytocin
D Thyroid
C Oxytocin
Which of the following is a mechanism that stimulates glandular secretions to continue to increase, temporarily pushing levels further out of homeostasis, until a particular biological effect is reached?
A Thermoregulation
B Negative feedback
C Puberty
D Positive feedback
D Positive feedback
Which of the following provides a practical means of warming the body via integumental thermoregulation?
A Cutaneous vasodilation
B Sweating
C Cutaneous vasoconstriction
D Tensing of the arrector pili muscles
C Cutaneous vasoconstriction
Which of the following is a result of inhibited osteoblast function at the epiphyseal plate?
A Mineralization will not occur in this location.
B A pathological overabundance of collagen will be produced in this location.
C Hydroxyapatite will be deposited in this location.
D The periosteum will develop at a pathological rate.
A Mineralization will not occur in this location.
If mineral resorption is prevented, and calcium is not removed from bone, which of the following occurs?
A The resulting pathology is called hypocalcemia.
B The pathology of tetany can be prevented.
C The resulting pathology is called achondroplastic dwarfism.
D The resulting pathology is called hydroxyapatite.
The resulting pathology is called
Hypocalcemia
Which of the following terms refers to the small passages of the respiratory system that terminate in air sacs?
A Bronchioles
B Pleura
C Alveoli
D Bronchi
A Bronchioles
Which of the following scenarios would result in a human zygote containing 47 chromosomes instead of the typical 46 chromosomes?
A The chromosomes do not separate properly during mitosis.
B The chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis.
C A second sperm fertilizes the ovum.
D The zygote replicates the DNA of the one additional chromosome after fertilization.
B The chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis.
Which of the following describes the function of acetylcholine in a neuromuscular junction?
A Binds to receptor proteins on the sarcolemma, which results in the opening of sodium channels
B Slows the action potential along the sarcolemma
C Opens calcium channels in the axon terminal, which results in the release of sodium into the neuromuscular junction
D Results in repolarization of the sarcolemma
A Binds to receptor proteins on the sarcolemma, which results in the opening of sodium channels
Which of the following is considered the fundamental contraction unit of striated muscle?
A Sarcomere
B Sarcolemma
C Intercalated disk
D I band
Sarcomere
According to the sliding filament theory, which ion binds with troponin on the actin myofilaments, causing the myosin-binding sites to be exposed?
A Calcium
B Sodium
C Potassium
D Magnesium
Calcium
Which of the following macromolecule groups contain enzymes?
A Amino acids
B Lipids
C Proteins
D Carbohydrate
Proteins
How does genetic information result in linking a particular sequence of amino acids to make a protein?
DNA serves as a template for the production of messenger RNA, and transfer RNA molecules serve as “bridges” between that mRNA and amino acids.
DNA serves as a template for the production of transfer RNA, and messenger RNA molecules serve as “bridges” between that transfer RNA and amino acids.
DNA serves as a template for the production of messenger RNA, and transfer RNA molecules serve as “bridges” between that mRNA and DNA.
DNA serves as a template for the production of messenger RNA, and amino acid molecules serve as “bridges” between that mRNA and the transfer RNA.
DNA serves as a template for the production of messenger RNA, and transfer RNA molecules serve as “bridges” between that mRNA and amino acids.
At which of the following sites is genetic information translated into a sequence of amino acids that make up a protein?
A Chromatid
B Chromosome
C Genome
D Ribosome
Ribosome
Where is information stored in DNA?
A Deoxyribose sugars
B Nitrogenous bases
C Phosphate groups
D Phosphodiester bonds
Nitrogenous bases
In Mendelian inheritance, which of the following is a condition of an F1 monohybrid cross?
A All of the offspring express the dominant trait.
B A cross is made between parents that are heterozygous at two specific genes.
C A cross is made between parents that are heterozygous at one specific gene.
D All of the offspring express the recessive trait.
C A cross is made between parents that are heterozygous at one.specific gene.
Which of the following processes occurs within the cell nucleus?
A Translation of mRNA into a protein
B Charging of tRNA with amino acid
C Production of rRNA for cell division
D Transcription producing mRNA
D Transcription producing mRNA
Which of the following cell types can differentiate to become several other types of cells?
A Stem cells
B Gametocytes
C Mast cells
D Leukocytes
Stem cells
Viral DNA that has been inserted into the host DNA would be found in which of the following?
A Mitochondria
B Vacuoles
C Nucleus
D Ribosomes
Nucleus
Which of the following is a unique feature of mitosis?
A Generation of variation
B Production of identical daughter cells
C Formation of synaptonemal complex
D Reduction in number of chromosomes
B Production of identical daughter cells
The molecular formula for glucose is C6H1206. This molecule is made up of 24 _______ and 3 _______
atoms; elements
ions; elements
electrons; atoms
atoms; electrons
Atoms , elements
The direct transition from a solid to a gas may occur through which of the following processes?
A Condensation
B Deposition
C Sublimation
D Melting
Sublimation
Even when it is not contained, water will keep both its shape and density when it is in which of the following states?
A Solid
B Gaseous
C Liquid
D Condensation
A Solid
Which of the following terms refers to the transition from liquid to gas with or without acquiring thermal energy to reach boiling point?
A Boiling
B Sublimation
C Evaporation
D Freezing
Evaporation
Which of the following is an example formula for a double replacement reaction?
AB(aq) + C -* A + CB (ag)
A B + C D —— A D + CB
2H2 + O2 — 2H2O
2H2O —- 2H2 + O2
A B + C D —— A D + CB
What pH level of a substance is considered basic?
A Less than 14
B Greater than 7
c 7
D Less than 7
Greater than 7
Which of the following factors affects an enzyme’s ability to work as a catalyst?
A Previous work
B Amount of product available
C Inability to raise the activation energy
D Amount of substrate available
Amount of substrate available
On the periodic table, the number of which of the following particles in each element increases as you move down in periods and toward the right the periodic table?
Protons
Isotopes
Cations
Anions
Protons
If a penny has the mass of 2.5 ________
It can also be said to have a mass 250 ______
A liters; milliliters
B micrograms; grams
C kilograms; milligrams
D grams; centigrams
D grams; centigrams
Which of the following measurements are based on SI Units?
A Dram
B Decigram
C Pound
D Lumen
Decigram
Which of the following formulas can be used to measure the volume of a rectangular box?
A Volume = height × length × width
B Volume = 2 (height × length)
C Volume = height & length & length
D Volume = (height × length)? x width
A Volume = height × length × width
Which of the following best describes a conclusion?
A a linked trend in data
B A set of empirical data
C A prejudiced determination in favor of an idea
D An end judgment based on data
An end judgement based on data
During the Spring and Summer months, lan counted the number of birds he saw at dusk and the number of insects he saw at night. He noticed that the more birds he counted, the fewer insects he observed.
Which of the following types of relationships did lan observe?
A Spontaneous
B A cause and effect relationship
C A correlation
D Random
A correlation
A group of students want to test the effects of chewing gum on test performance. which of the following is the most appropriate control?
Chewing gum for a week before the test
Not chewing gum during the test
Sucking on a hard candy during the test
Taking sips of water throughout the test
Not chewing gum during the test
An experimental design must ________
Bias and _______ precision and accuracy of the data
A neutralize; minimize
B minimize; neutralize
C minimize; maximize
D maximize; minimize
minimize; maximize
Which of the following variables is manipulated during an experiment?
A Control
B Independent
C Dependent
D Extraneous
B Independent
When designing a sound scientific experiment, which of the following guidelines should be followed?
A The control group is ignored during comparison.
B Isolating one independent variable makes it simpler to evaluate for a causal relationship.
C Correlational data can be used to prove a hypothesis.
D Constants are not always necessary.
Isolating one independent variable makes it simpler to evaluate for a causal relationship.
