Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 9 > Science - Physics > Flashcards

Science - Physics Flashcards

1
Q

what is energy

A

the ability to do work. Measured in Joules (J)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

give 4 examples of moving energy

A

Kinetic (Ek), Thermal (Q), Light (El) and Sound (Es)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give 5 examples of stored/potential energy

A

Elastic potential (Eep), Gravitational potential (Ep), Chemical Potential (Ecp), Nuclear Potential (En) and Electrical Potential (Ee)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the types of energy

A

moving and stored/potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what unit is energy measured in

A

joules (J)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the law of conservation of energy

A

Energy can only be transformed or transferred, but not created or destroyed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the law of electrostatic attraction

A

Objects that are oppositely charged will feel and attractive force on one another, but objects that are similarly charged will feel a repulsive force away from each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an ion

A

An atom (or molecule) that is not electrically neutral. It has an overall positive of negative charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are electrons often moved or added

A

Electrons are often moved or added by rubbing, from one material to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two types of material

A

Conductor or insulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a conductor

A

A material that has free electrons and allows electrons to flow through it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a free electron

A

An electron that is not tightly bound to its nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an insulator

A

A material that does not have free electrons and typically does not allow charge to flow through it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is charge separation

A

The imbalance of charges between two locations. Also known as ‘Static ELectricity’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 3 main ways that charge neutralisation can occur

A

Charged object can come into contact with the ground, charged object can sit in air for a long time or charged object can be brought near oppositely-charged object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can charged neutralisation occur through contact with the ground

A

Earth is like an ocean of charge that can always accept electrons from or give electrons to an object. Charged object can touch other object that is touching the ground.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can charged neutralisation occur through sitting in the air for a long time

A

Molecules in the air (especially in water vapour) can accept or give away electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can charged neutralisation occur through bringing it into contact with an object with the opposite charge

A

Excess electrons on the negative object are attached to the positive object. When objects get close enough, electrons will move through the air toward positive object, making spark

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is current

A

The flow of charges from one location to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why does current occur

A

Free electrons will flow away from area of overall negative charge and toward an area of overall positive charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the unit current is measured in

A

ampere, A (amp)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is EMF

A

the energy (per unit charge) provided to a circuit by a power source, usually called “voltage”. Measured in Volts (V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What unit is voltage measured in

A

Volt, V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is electric current

A

A measure of the flow of electrons from one location to another. Measured in Amps (A)

25
Q

what is electrical resistance

A

the opposition to electron flow provided by a material. Measured in Ohms (Ω)

26
Q

Do conductors have high/low resistance

A

Low resistance

27
Q

Do insulators have high/low resistance

A

High resistance

28
Q

As the resistance of an object increases, current moving through the object….

A

Decreases (if the voltage is constant)

29
Q

What is the unit for resistance

A

Ohms (Ω)

30
Q

_________ of ______in a wire means that____________of _______will flow in the wire when _________of ______ is applied across the wire.

A

One ohm of resistance, one amp of current, one volt of EMF

31
Q

the resistance of a wire depends on…

A

The material, length, thickness and temperature.

32
Q

how does the resistance of a wire depend on the material of the wire

A

some materials have high resistivity, some have low resistivity

33
Q

how does the resistance of a wire depend on the length of the wire

A

long wires provide more resistance than short wires (10m race vs. 1000m race)

34
Q

how does the resistance of a wire depend on the thickness of the wire

A

thin wires provide more resistance than thick wires (people in tube)

35
Q

how does the resistance of a wire depend on the temperature

A

hot wires provide more resistance than cold wires (crowd)

36
Q

What is Ohm’s Law

A

V=IR

37
Q

what is V in Ohm’s Law

A

voltage

38
Q

what is I in Ohm’s Law

A

current

39
Q

what is R in Ohm’s Law

A

resistance

40
Q

what does the gradient of a graph equal

A

y2-y1/x2-x1 = Δy/Δx

41
Q

what is a resistor

A

an object that resists the flow of electrons

42
Q

what is an ohmic resistor

A

resistors that obey Ohm’s Law

43
Q

what is a non-ohmic resistor

A

resistors that do not obey Ohm’s Law

44
Q

what does a complete circuit include

A

a power source, a load(s), path for free electrons to flow around the whole circuit

45
Q

what is potential difference

A

the energy (per unit charge) transformed by a load, measured in volts (V)

46
Q

what is a load

A

any part of an electrical circuit that transforms electrical energy into any other kind of energy. Unit: volts (V)

47
Q

why do you measure potential difference

A

to know how much energy a load is transforming

48
Q

what have high potential difference

A

loads that transform a lot of electrical energy

49
Q

what have low potential difference

A

loads that transform very little electrical energy

50
Q

how is voltage (EMF or PD) measured

A

by a voltmeter

51
Q

how is current measured

A

by an ammeter

52
Q

how is resistance measured

A

by an ohmmeter

53
Q

what are the details of a voltmeter

A

must be wired in parallel, measured across a power source (EMF) of load (PD)

54
Q

what are the details of an ammeter

A

must be wired in series, electrons must flow through it

55
Q

what are the details of an ohmmeter

A

must be wired in parallel, load cannot have current

56
Q

what is an atom

A

the basic unit of matter and the smallest particle that retains its characteristics in a chemical reaction

57
Q

what is a load

A

any part of an electrical circuit that transforms electrical potential energy into another kind of energy

58
Q

what is power

A

the amount of energy that is transformed by a load every second

59
Q

what is elementary charge

A

the size of the charge of a single electron or proton

Year 9 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions