Geography Flashcards
What is swash
The movement of waves towards the shoreline, one of the main causes of erosion and deposition..
What is backwash
The movement of a wave travelling away from the shoreline and towards the deeper water further out at sea.
What is longshore drift
The movement of sand along the beach in the direction of the prevailing wind and waves. Extra: The gradual movement of swash and backwash transports the sand across the shoreline, changing the shape of the cost, either moving it forwards or backwards, creating geological landforms
What is a stack
A geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column/s of tock in the sea near a coast, formed overtime byerosion and waves and wind.
What is a cave
A natural opening in the ground extending beyond the zone of light and large enough to permit entry of man.
What is sediment
A solid material that is moved or deposited in a new location, moved from one place to another through the process of erosion. Sediment can consist of rocks and minerals, as well as the remains of plants and animals, and can vary in size, ranging from as small as the size of a grain of sand to a boulder.
What is erosion
The loss of land due to the mechanical wearing away of sediment by wind and waves.
What is deposition
The geological process in which sediments, soil and rock, are added to a landform or mass.
What is a headland
A point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends to a boy of water.
What is an arch
A curved vertical structure spanning an open space underneath it, supporting the load above it.
What is a destructive wave
A wave tall in height and short in length transporting sand and other materials away from the beach or coastline due to its strong backwash and weak swash. These waves erose sand and land from headlands and the beach.
What is a constructive wave
A wave short in height and long in length transporting sand and other materials towards the beach or coastline due to its strong swash and weak backwash. These waves deposit sand and land onto headlands and the beach.
What is a spit
A long, curved landform, built up at the mouth of a river.
What is a lagoon
a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs and barrier islands.
What is a tombolo
a bar of sand or shingle joining an island to the mainland.
What is biomagnification
The transfer of toxins in organisms throughout the food chain
What is a gyre
A large circular ocean current created from the rotation of Earth and its winds.
What is bioaccumulation
The build up of a substance within an organism
Which countries produce the most ocean plastic
Vietnam,Sri Lanka Thailand, China, Indonesia and the Phillipines
What are microplastics
Small plastic particles in the environment (less than 5 mm in diameter) that are harmful to our oceans and aquatic life. Microplastics can come from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing and industrial processes
What are nurdles
A very small pellet of plastic that serves as raw material in the manufacture of plastic products.
What are microbeads
Tiny bits of plastic (particles of less than one millimeter) found in hundreds of personal care products such
as toothpaste and soaps
What is a dune blowout
occur when loose sand is blown from the dune because vegetation has been removed.
What is a blowhole
If caves develop in places exposed to sea and waves, water rushes in and can cause pressure to build at the back of the cave. If a section of rock in the roof of the cave is weak, part of the roof may collapse, creating a blowhole.
