Science of Life Flashcards
Characteristics of life
Cells, nutrition, respiration, excretion, growth, movement, reproduction, sensitivity, adaptability
Nutrition
Intake of food into the body and its conversion into new protoplasm
Respiration
Breakdown of food substances to release energy in cells
Excretion
Removal of metabolic waste products formed inside living cells
Growth
Permanent increase in size with changes in form and structure
Movement
Ability to move body parts and/or exhibit locomotion
Reproduction
Production of new individuals for the survival of the species
Sensitivity
Ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment
Adaptability
Ability of organism to change so as to improve its chances of survival
Biological hierarchy
Kingdom, phylum/division, class, order, family, genus, species
5 kingdoms
Prokaryote, protoctista, fungi, plantae, animalia
Prokaryote
bacteria
Protoctista
A collection of single celled organisms and some simple multicellular ones such as seaweeds
Fungi
Mushrooms, toadstools and molds
Plantae
Green plants
Animalia
The animal kingdom
Organism
Living thing
Biology
Study of life
How do plants make food?
Photosynthesis
Protoplasm
Living matter that cells are made of
Respiration process
Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + large amount of energy
Metabolism
Sum of all biochemical reactions in a cell
Common excretory products
Carbon dioxide, water, mineral salts, nitrogenous waste products
Open system
Continually receiving and disposing both energy and materials, is necessary for continued existence and if it stops the organism dies
Development
Makes an organism more complex, or makes it change form
Locomotion
Moving from one place to another
Artificial classification
Grouping based off of properties relevant to humans/whether or not something has any specific property
Natural (biological) classification
Grouping based off similarities and differences between organisms
Viruses
The smallest ‘organisms’, borderline living
Binomial system
The first name is the genus and starts with a capital letter, the second is the species name and starts with a lowercase letter
What is the difference between offspring of two animals in the same and different species?
Offspring of the same species will be able to reproduce while offspring of two different species will not
Homologous
Similar in structure but different in appearance
Analogous
Similar in appearance but different in structure
What specific formatting does the scientific name of a species have typed up and handwritten?
Typed up it will be in italics, handwritten will have each name underlined
