Science: Nervous System Flashcards
Function of ___________ ________:
*Regulates the function of the
other body systems.
*Receives information about your
environment and other parts of
the body.
*Interprets this information.
*Makes your body respond or
react to it.
Nervous System
*Cluster of nerves in the spine and brain.
*Responsible for all bodily functions, from breathing to reacting to stimuli.
*Signals from various body parts reach the CNS, and it sends back commands.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
*Everything outside the CNS is the PNS.
*Voluntary or somatic nervous system controls conscious actions like waving your hand.
*Involuntary nervous system regulates activities like breathing, heartbeats, and digestion.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
____________Mechanisms:
*CNS and spinal cord are protected by bones (skull and vertebrae).
*Cerebrospinal fluid protects nerves, aids signal conduction, and removes waste.
Protection Mechanisms
_________ and _____________ Nervous System Functions:
*Conscious actions, like pinching or waving, are controlled by voluntary nerves.
*Involuntary nerves react to unexpected stimuli for self-preservation, like dropping a phone.
*Scratching an itch provides relief consciously but is perceived as pain subconsciously.
*Temperature changes prompt CNS signals for sweating or shivering.
Conscious and Subconscious Nervous System Functions
_________ and Neural Connections:
*Neural connections in the brain strengthen with repetition and practice.
*Learning a new skill involves creating and strengthening neural connections.
*Once established, these connections persist, allowing rapid recall even after a long hiatus.
Learning and Neural Connections
__________ and _____ Acquisition:
*The brain forms strong connections with repeated exposure, aiding memory.
*Learning a skill involves repeated attempts, refining neural pathways.
*Memories, like learning to skate, remain intact, facilitating quick relearning after a break.
Memory and Skill Acquisition
Neurons also known as the ________ _____.
NERVE CELLS
______________ specialized cells of the NS which conduct impulses.
NEURONS
_________ is the foundation of the system and appear to be different from other body cells in terms of appearance & behavior (consists of many complicated parts and irreplaceable)
NEURONS
___________ Structures:
-DENDRITES
-AXON/NERVE FIBERS
-CELL BODY
NEURON’S Structures
A highly branched structure at one end of a neuron that receives the
stimulation.
DENDRITES
It transmit impulses away from
the cell body.
AXON/NERVE FIBERS
Portion of the neuron that
contains the nucleus & cytoplasm.
CELL BODY
What are the 3 kinds of NEURON?
-SENSORY/AFFERENT
-MOTOR/EFFERENT
-INTERNEURON/ASSOCIATIVE
What are the neurons that transmit
incoming impulses from
receptors to a coordinating
center such as the brain or
spinal cord.
SENSORY / AFFERENT
What are the neuron that transmit
outgoing impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the effectors.
MOTOR / EFFERENT
It carries information between two other neurons.
INTERNEURON / ASSOCIATIVE
What does CNS mean?
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
What does PNS mean?
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) consists of the:
______________ and ______________
Brain and Spinal Cord
What is composed of all the body nerves that lie outside of CNS. Consisting of peripheral, cranial & spinal nerves.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
_________:
-The center of your body’s communication.
-It contains about 14 B nerve cells which control everything a person does.
-It weighs from 1.3 to 1.4 kg or about 2 percent of total body weight.
Brain
What are the 3 Major Regions of the Brain?
- CEREBRUM
- CEREBELLUM
- BRAIN STEM
