Music & Arts (Summative Test) Flashcards
__________ _______ MUSIC
-reflects the way of life, beliefs, and traditions of the rural folks.
-usually glorifies the beauty of nature and man’s strong connection with his environment.
TRADITIONAL FILIPINO MUSIC
______________ ______ MUSIC
CHARACTERISTICS
-influenced by other cultures through intercultural
meetings or colonization.
-employment of a diatonic scale rather than the Asian
pentatonic scale
TRADITIONAL FILIPINO MUSIC
CHARACTERISTICS
CLASSIFICATION BY _______ AND __________
-traditional music in lowland areas in Luzon and Visayas has the Spanish influence
-the music of the upland people like the Igorot and
Ifugao in Luzon and the Muslims and Lumad in
Mindanao have the indigenous flavor
CLASSIFICATION BY CULTURE AND LANGUAGE
Composed of a set of eight gongs of graduated sizes arranged in a row.
Kulintang ensemble by the Muslim
It is a smooth-surfaced gong with a narrow rim.
Gangsa ensemble by the Kalinga, Ifugao, Bontoc (Cordillera)
Originated and introduced by Spaniards
HISPANIC
An ensemble of stringed instruments with the pick such as guitar, laud, octavina, piccolo, and bajo de unas.
Rondalla
A combination of melodrama, songs, and dances. The rondalla served as accompaniment.
Sarsuwela
An art song that speaks about the love of a man for a woman. Written in 3/4. Gives listeners a light and happy mood at the end.
Kundiman
An old Visayan folk song and dance where a man and woman engage in a debate through a song.
Balitao
A band that uses improvised instruments made of bamboo.
Musikong Bumbong / Bamboo Music
Also known as “New Music” or Modern music, it pertains to compositions that have adopted elements of 20th-century Western music as well as the latest trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry and in the musical world.
CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE MUSIC
FILIPINO COMPOSERS OF THE 20TH CENTURY CONTRIBUTED THEIR SHARE IN INTRODUCING INNOVATIVE SOUNDS. WITH SPAIN AND THEN AMERICA HAVING COLONIZED THE PHILIPPINES, IT WAS UNAVOIDABLE THAT WESTERN COMPOSITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOUND THEIR WAY INTO THE WORKS OF FILIPINO COMPOSERS. YET EVEN 20TH CENTURY FILIPINO COMPOSERS HAVE MANAGED TO RETAIN SOME TRADITIONAL ELEMENTS IN THEIR ASSIMILATION OF WESTERN TECHNIQUES.
TRADITIONAL COMPOSERS
Since his elementary days, he started composing. He studied the banjo which inspired him to become a serious musician. He later pursued his music degree at the University of the Philippines and at the Juilliard School in New York, USA. He became a professor of theory and composition at the University of the Philippines’ College of Music up until his retirement in 1978. San Pedro is known as a “ romantic nationalist.” He incorporated Philippine folk elements in his compositions with Western forms and harmony. Arguably, his most popular work is the well-loved “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan ” , a lullaby melody sung by his mother. He composed “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan ” together with his friend Levi Celerio as the lyricist. He was declared a National Artist for Music in 1991 and passed away on March 31, 2002.
LUCIO SAN PEDRO
LAHING KAYUMANGGI
Lucio San Pedro
- Started composing since elementary school
- Studied banjo, which sparked his serious interest in music
- Pursued music degree at University of the Philippines and Juilliard School in New York
- Became a professor of theory and composition at University of the Philippines’ College of Music until retirement in 1978
- Known as a “romantic nationalist” for incorporating Philippine folk elements into Western forms and harmony
- Popular work: “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan,” a lullaby melody inspired by his mother
- Composed “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan” with lyricist Levi Celerio
- Declared National Artist for Music in 1991
- Passed away on March 31, 2002
LUCIO SAN PEDRO
Known as the Father of Philippine Impressionist Music. He is the first National Artist for Music. He began his music career as an orchestral soloist at the Manila Grand Opera House. He served as Dean of the Centro Escolar University, Conservatory of Music from 1948 to 1970. He was also a faculty member of the University of the Philippines’ Conservatory (now College) of Music. Molina was a product of both the Romantic and Impressionist schools of thought. He was fascinated by the dynamics and harmonies of Debussy and retained much of the Romantic style in his melody.
ANTONIO MOLINA
PANDANGGUHAN
ANTONIO MOLINA
- Father of Philippine Impressionist Music
- First National Artist for Music
- Started music career as an orchestral soloist at Manila Grand Opera House
- Served as Dean of Centro Escolar University, Conservatory of Music (1948-1970)
- Faculty member at the University of the Philippines’ Conservatory (now College) of Music
- Influenced by Romantic and Impressionist schools of thought
- Fascinated by the dynamics and harmonies of Debussy
- Retained much of the Romantic style in his melody
ANTONIO MOLINA
He studied music at the Chicago Music College and was influenced by the musical styles of the Serialist/Second Viennese School and Post-Romantic European composers. He developed a style that combined European romanticism and chromaticism. Abelardo, together with Francisco Santiago elevated the status of the Kundiman into an Art Song status equivalent to that of the German Lied, the French Chanson, and the Italian Aria.
NICANOR ABELARDO
BITUING MARIKIT
Nicanor Abelardo
- Studied music at the Chicago Music College
- Influenced by Serialist/Second Viennese School and Post-Romantic European composers
- Developed a musical style blending European romanticism and chromaticism
- Collaborated with Francisco Santiago to elevate Kundiman to an Art Song status
- Equated Kundiman’s status to German Lied, French Chanson, and Italian Aria
Nicanor Abelardo
Born in Penaranda, Nueva Ecija, he played brass instruments during his high school years. He enrolled in the University of the Philippines Conservatory of Music under Antonio Molina and also studied composition at the Juilliard School of Music in New York under Vittorio Giannini. He was known as a nationalist composer who expressed the Philippines’ cultural identity through his compositions. He wrote piano compositions, hymns, marches, art songs, chamber music, symphonic poems, overtures, band music, school songs, orchestral works, operas, kundimans, and zarzuelas. He was national artist for music in 1997.
Felipe P. De Leon
- Born in Penaranda, Nueva Ecija
- Played brass instruments in high school
- Enrolled in the University of the Philippines Conservatory of Music under Antonio Molina
- Studied composition at the Juilliard School of Music in New York under Vittorio Giannini
- Nationalist composer expressing Philippines’ cultural identity through compositions
- Wide range of compositions including piano pieces, hymns, marches, art songs, chamber music, symphonic poems, overtures, band music, school songs, orchestral works, operas, kundimans, and zarzuelas
- Awarded national artist for music in 1997
Felipe P. De Leon
