Science Metal. Flashcards
Properties of metal- high electricity and thermal conductitivy
Metals are excellent conductors of electricity and heat. This is due to the presence of free-moving electrons in their structure
Properties of metal - Luster
Means it is shiny and reflective
Properties in metal -Malleability and Ductility
Metals can be hammered into sheets or stretched into wires without breaking. This is because their atoms can slide past each other easily without breaking the structure.
Properties in metal- high density
Most metals are relatively dense, meaning they have a high mass per unit volume. This is because metal atoms are closely packed together
Properties in metal - High melting and boiling points
Metals generally have high melting and boiling points due to the strong bonds between atoms in the metallic structure, requiring considerable energy to break.
Properties in metal- Hardness and Strength
Many metals are strong and hard, resisting deformation. This depends on the type of metal and its alloy
Properties of metal- Sonorous
Metals often produce a ringing sound when struck, which is why they are used in making bells and musical instruments. This property is called sonority.
Metals and their uses- iron
Iron: Used in construction (steel), tools, vehicles, and machinery due to its strength and durability.
Metals and their uses- Copper
Copper- Essential for electrical wiring and plumbing because it conducts electricity and resists corrosion.
Metals and their uses-aluminium
Lightweight and resistant to corrosion , aluminum is often used in aircraft, automobiles, packaging (like cans)
Metal and theyre properties-silver
Silver: With the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, silver is used in electronics, solar panels, jewelry,
Metals and its properties- zinc
Zinc: Often used in galvanizing (coating iron or steel to prevent rust), zinc is also an essential component in batteries
Define and know how to measure the density of an object
m is the mass of the object (in grams or kilograms),
• V is the volume of the object (in cubic centimeters, cubic meters, etc.).
Mass over volume.
Compound?
A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in a fixed ratio.
Compounds have unique properties that are different from the elements that make them up. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound made from hydrogen and oxygen.
Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), where sodium and chlorine are chemically bonded.
Compound?
A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together in a fixed ratio.
Compounds have unique properties that are different from the elements that make them up. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound made from hydrogen and oxygen.
Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), where sodium and chlorine are chemically bonded.
Mixture
A mixture is a combitation of two or more stubstances that are physically blended but not chemically bonded.
Mixtures can often be seperated into their physical means. An example is air (a mixture of gases like nitrogen and oyxen and carbon dioxide)
Alloy
An alloy is a specific type of mixture where two or metals are combinded to create a material. Alloys often have improved strength and durabiling or resistance to corrosion compared to the individual metals
Alloys can be seperated into their components through chemical processes,
Example: steel is an ally of iron and carbon.
Explain how the composition of an alloy affects properties such as hardness and melting point.
An alloy’s composition affects its hardness, melting point, and resistance to corrosion. Added elements can strengthen the metal, adjust melting temperatures, and make it more durable or flexible for specific uses.
Distinguish between the terms corrosion and rusting.
Corrosion is the breakdown of metals from environmental reactions, while rusting is a specific type of corrosion that happens only to iron when it reacts with moisture and oxygen. All rusting is corrosion, but not all corrosion is rusting.
Justify how different methods of protecting metals from corrosion work
Coating- applying a protective layer prevents direct contaxt between the metal and corrosive elements
Galvanization- this involves coating steel or iron with a layer of sink it corrodes instead of the under lying metal protecting it from rusting
Alloying- mixing metals with elements that are more resistant to corrosion (stainless steals) improves durability.
Justify how different methods of protecting metals from corrosion work
Coating- applying a protective layer prevents direct contaxt between the metal and corrosive elements
Galvanization- this involves coating steel or iron with a layer of sink it corrodes instead of the under lying metal protecting it from rusting
Alloying- mixing metals with elements that are more resistant to corrosion (stainless steals) improves durability.
Word equations for the reactions of different metals with oxygen
Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium
Iron + Oxygen → Iron Oxide
Aluminum + Oxygen → Aluminum Oxide
Zinc + Oxygen → Zinc Oxide
Copper + Oxygen → Copper Oxide
Calcium + Oxygen → Calcium Oxide
