Photosynthis- Science Flashcards
Function of flower- petal
Brightly colours and often fragrant petals attract pollinators like insects and birds to the flower
Nectaries
These are glands located at the base of the flower that produce nectar a sugary liquid that serves as a reward for pollinators
Sepals
Typically green and leaf like, protect the flower vud before it opens up
Car pistal
The female reproductive part of the flower, consisting of three parts
Stigma-sticky top part that recieves pollen
Style-the tube that conects the stigma to the ovary
Ovary-the swollen base that contains ovules
Ovule
The structure withen the ovary that develops into a seed after fertilizartion
Stamen
The make reproductive part of the flower consisting of
Anther0 the part that produces pollen
Filament the stalk that holds up the anther
Adaptions for wind and insect pollination
Wind Pollination:
• Flowers tend to be small and less colorful.
• Produce large quantities of lightweight pollen that can easily be carried by the wind.
• Lack or have reduced petals since they do not need to attract pollinators.
• Have long styles and stigmas that extend out to catch airborne pollen.
Insect pollentation:
Insect Pollination:
• Flowers are usually brightly colored and fragrant to attract insects.
• Produce sticky or heavier pollen that adheres to the bodies of insects.
• Have specialized structures, such as landing pads, to facilitate insect visits.
• Often produce nectar as a reward for pollinators
Distinction Between Pollination and Fertilization -(p)
Pollination: The process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma. This can occur via wind, water, or animals (insects, birds, etc.).
Distinction Between Pollination and Fertilization (f)
Fertilization: The fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) gametes, leading to the formation of a zygote. This occurs after successful pollination when the pollen tube grows down the style and releases sperm into the ovule.
Osmosis
Osmosis: The movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration until equilibrium is reached.
Water Movement into Roots
Water Movement into Roots: Water enters the root hairs by osmosis. The concentration of solutes in the root cells is higher than in the soil water, creating a gradient that allows water to move from the soil into the root cells, aiding in nutrient uptake.
Definition of Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: Process where plants convert light energy into glucose using carbon dioxide and water
Testing for Glucose:
Use Benedict’s solution; color change indicates glucose presence.
Testing for Starch: Use iodine; it turns blue-black if starch is present.
Use iodine; it turns blue-black if starch is present.
Upper Epidermis:- cross leaf section
Upper Epidermis: Protects and allows light in.
Palisade Mesophyll:-cross leaf
Main site for photosynthesis with many chloroplasts.
Spongy Mesophyll: (CL)
Spongy Mesophyll: Allows gas exchange and has some chloroplasts.
Lower Epidermis:(CL)
Lower Epidermis: Contains stomata for gas exchange.
Xylem and Phloem: (CL)
Xylem and Phloem: Transport water (xylem) and sugars (phloem).
Germination:
The process of a seed growing into a plant:
ImbibitioN
Seed absorbs water and swells.
Activation: Enzymes start working
Enzymes in plant start working
Activation: Enzymes start working
Enzymes in plant start working
Radicle Emergence:
Shoot Emergence:
Radicle Emergence: Root breaks through the seed coat.
4. Shoot Emergence: Shoot grows upwards towards light.
Radicle Emergence:
4. Shoot Emergence:
Radicle Emergence: Root breaks through the seed coat.
4. Shoot Emergence: Shoot grows upwards towards light.
Order for germanation :
Imbibition: Seed absorbs water and swells.
2. Activation: Enzymes start working.
3. Radicle Emergence: Root breaks through the seed coat.
4. Shoot Emergence: Shoot grows upwards towards light.
Parts of a leaf
Upper Epidermis:
2. Palisade Mesophyll:
3. Spongy Mesophyll:
4. Lower Epidermis:
5. Xylem and Phloem:
Parts of a leaf
Upper Epidermis:
2. Palisade Mesophyll:
3. Spongy Mesophyll:
4. Lower Epidermis:
5. Xylem and Phloem:
Parts of a flower
Petals:
Nectaries
Sepals
Carpel
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Ovule
Stamen
Anther
• Filament
Parts of flower
Petals:
Nectaries
Sepals
Carpel
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Ovule
Stamen
Anther
• Filament
