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English Vocab > Science may x Biology unit 2 > Flashcards

Science may x Biology unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name of the chemicals that break down proteins

A

enzymes

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1
Q

What is the name of the gas produced in respiration

A

carbon dioxide

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1
Q

What is the name of the movement of gases from high to low concentration

A

diffusion

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1
Q

What organelle is where respiration takes place

A

mitochondria

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2
Q

What is the tube that connects the mouth and nose to the lungs

A

trachea

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3
Q

What is the tube that branch off into each lung

A

Bronchi

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4
Q

What is the name of the many tubes that branch off in the lungs

A

Bronchioles

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5
Q

What is the name of the air sacs in the lungs

A

alveoli

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6
Q

How does oxygen get transported around the body

A

red blood cells

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7
Q

How does oxygen move from the alveoli to the bloodstream

A

diffusion

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8
Q

What is the name of the muscle that controls breathing

A

diaphgram

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9
Q

What is the name of the chemicals that break down proteins

A

enzymes

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10
Q

What is the name of the gas needed for respiration

A

oxygen

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11
Q

What is the name of the gas produced in respiration

A

carbon dioxide

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12
Q

What organelle is where respiration takes place

A

mitochondria

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13
Q

What is the name of the movement of gases from high to low concentration

A

diffusion

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14
Q

Which organelle contains the most genetic information

A

nucleus

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15
Q

Which organelle controls what enters and leaves the cell

A

cell membrane

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16
Q

Which part of the cell is where chemical reactions take place

A

cytoplasm

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17
Q

What is the life process that takes place in the mitochondria

A

respiration

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18
Q

What is the name of the chemical genes are made from

A

DNA

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19
Q

What does every human cell nucleus contain 23 pairs of

A

chromosomes

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19
Q

What is the male gamete called

A

sperm cell

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20
Q

What is the female gamete called

A

egg cell

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21
Q

What is the name of the complete genetic information of an organism

A

genome

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22
Q

What is the name of the process where cells divide to make copies

A

mitosis

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23
Q

What enzyme breaks down starch

A

amylase

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24
Q

What substance is made when starch is broken down

A

sugar(glucose)

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25
Q

What enzyme breaks down protein

A

protease

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25
Q

What substance is made when protein is broken down

A

amino acids

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26
Q

What enzyme breaks down lipids (fats)

A

lipase

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27
Q

What substance is made when lipids (fats) are broken down

A

fatty acids

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28
Q

How many life processes are there

A

7

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29
Q

What organ is where digested food absorbed into the bloodstream

A

small intestine

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30
Q

What are the air sacs in the lungs called

A

alveoli

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31
Q

What are the products of respiration

A

carbon dioxide
water

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32
Q

What are the reactants of respiration

A

glucose
oxygen

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33
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide
water

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34
Q

What are the products in photosynthesis

A

oxygen
glucose

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35
Q

Where do plants get the energy from to undergo photosynthesis

A

light

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36
Q

What are the holes in a leaf called that let gases pass in and out

A

stomata

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37
Q

What is the green chemical called that absorbs sunlight in a leaf

A

chlorophyll

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38
Q

What is the process where gases move from high to low concentration

A

diffusion

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39
Q

What is the name of a membrane that only lets some substances through

A

partially permeable membrane

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40
Q

What substance is made when protein is broken down

A

amino acids

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41
Q

What enzyme breaks down lipids (fats)

A

lipase

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42
Q

What substance is made when lipids (fats) are broken down

A

fatty acids

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43
Q

What part of a plant cell contains chlorophyll

A

chloroplasts

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44
Q

What part of a plant cell is a storage for sap

A

vacuole

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45
Q

What are the two products of photosynthesis

A

oxygen
glucose

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46
Q

Where does the energy come from needed for photosynthesis

A

light

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47
Q

What are the parts of a cell called

A

organelles

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48
Q

What part of a cell controls what enters and leaves

A

cell membrane

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49
Q

What part of a cell contains the genetic material

A

nucleus

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50
Q

What part of a cell is where proteins are made

A

ribosomes

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51
Q

What part of a cell is where respiration happens

A

mitochondria

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52
Q

What part of a cell is where chemical reactions take place

A

cytoplasm

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53
Q

What are all living organisms made up of

A

cells

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54
Q

What is the job of a cell membrane

A

controls what enters and leaves the cell

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55
Q

What part of a microscope can be used to focus the image

A

fine focus wheel

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56
Q

What part of a microscope is used to see the image

A

eye piece lense

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57
Q

What part of a plant is where photosynthesis takes place

A

leaf

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58
Q

What part of a plant is where water and minerals are absorbed

A

roots

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59
Q

What part of a plant is where water, sugar and minerals are transported

A

stem

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60
Q

What part of a plant is where the reproductive structures are held

A

flower

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61
Q

what 2 substances are needed for photosynthesis in a plant

A

carbon dioxide
water

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62
Q

what 2 substances are made in photosynthesis

A

oxygen
glucose

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63
Q

what form is the energy taken in for photosynthesis to take place

A

light

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64
Q

what chemical found in palisade cells absorbs this energy for photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll

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65
Q

what organ in a plant is this chemical found in

A

leaf

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66
Q

why are microscopes needed to see cells

A

they are small

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67
Q

what is found at the bottom of a leaf that lets gases move in and out

A

stomata

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68
Q

what gas needs to move into a plant for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide

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69
Q

what gas moves out of a plant produced by photosynthesis

A

oxygen

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70
Q

a chemical change is easy to reverse, and you can get back what you started with

A

false

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71
Q

a physical change is reversible and you can get back what you started with

A

true

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72
Q

a new chemical substance is made in a physical change

A

false

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73
Q

what equipment is used to measure the temp in a expermient

A

thermometer

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74
Q

what can change in a chemical reaction that suggests that a chemical reaction has taken place

A

temp
colour

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75
Q

what can you observe in a chemical reaction that shows a gas has been produced

A

bubbles

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76
Q

what is the scientific name for the substances you start off with in a chemical reaction

A

reactants

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77
Q

what is the scientific name for the substances you make in a chemical reaction

A

product

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78
Q

what is the scientific name for the solid that dissolves in a liquid

A

solute

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79
Q

what is the scientific name for the liquid that a solid dissolves in

A

solvent

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80
Q

what is made when a solid dissolves in water

A

solution

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81
Q

capital letters are used in state symbols

A

false

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82
Q

state symbols are put in brackets

A

true

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83
Q

state symbols are found to the top right of a chemical formula

A

false

84
Q

state symbol for a gas

A

g

85
Q

state symbol for a liquid

A

l

86
Q

state symbol for a solid

A

s

87
Q

what is the chemical formula for CO2

A

carbon dioxide

88
Q

what is the chemical formula for H2O

A

water

89
Q

what is the chemical formula for Na2CO3(s)

A

sodium carbonate

90
Q

what is the chemical formula for Na2CO3(aq)

A

sodium carbonate solution

91
Q

what state will a substance be at a temparature above its boiling point

A

gas

92
Q

what state will a substance be at below its melting point

A

solid

93
Q

what state will a substance be at between its melting point and its boiling point

A

liquid

94
Q

What colour does litmus paper turn in an acid

A

red

95
Q

what colour does litmus paper turn in a base

A

blue

96
Q

what happens when to litmus paper in a neutral substance

A

turns green

97
Q

give an example of an acid

A

hydrochloric acid

98
Q

example of base

A

sodium hydroxide

99
Q

example of a neutral substance

A

water

100
Q

which element is found in all acids

A

hydrogen

101
Q

what is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl
l is lower case

102
Q

what is the chemical formula for sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

103
Q

what is the chemical formula for nitric acid

A

HNO3

104
Q

name of the chemical that can be used to find the pH of a substance

A

universal indicator

105
Q

name of the piece of equipment that can be used to find the pH of a substance

A

pH probe

106
Q

what type of substance has a pH below 7

A

acids

107
Q

what type of substance has a pH above 7

A

alkaline

108
Q

what typw of substance has a pH of 7

A

neutral

109
Q

what is the name given to a base that can dissolve in water

A

alkali

110
Q

all alkalis are bases

A

true

111
Q

all bases are alkalis

A

false

112
Q

why arent all bases alkalis

A

not all bases are soluble

113
Q

pH is always a whole number

A

false

114
Q

which of these substances would be a weaker acid, Acid a with a pH of 2.4 or Acid b with a pH of 5.3

A

acid b

115
Q

which of these substances would be a stronger alkali , alkali a with a pH of 8.5 or alkali b with a pH of 13.2

A

alkali b

116
Q

what colours can universal indicator turn when it is added to an acid

A

red, orange, yellow

117
Q

what colours can universal indicator turn when it is added to an alkali

A

purple,blue

118
Q

what colour can universal indicator turn when it is added to a neutral substance

A

green

119
Q

what is the advantage of using universal indicator over litmus paper to identify an unknown substance

A

it can tell if it is strong or weak

120
Q

What happens to the temp in an exothermic reaction

A

increases

121
Q

What happens to the temp in an endothermic reaction

A

decreases

122
Q

what happens to the energy in an exothermic reaction

A

energy is given out to surroundings

123
Q

what happens to energy in an endothermic reaction

A

energy is taken in from surroundings

124
Q

what is the name of the gas needed for respiration

A

oxygen

125
Q

What is the reactivity series of metals

A

potassium,sodium
calcium,magnesium
aluminisium
(carbon)
zinc
iron
tin
lead
(hydrogen)
jewellery
copper
silver
gold
expensive platinum

126
Q

what group of metals are the most reactive

A

1

127
Q

when does a displacement reaction occur

A

when a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal

128
Q

sodium chloride+potassium=

A

potassium chloride +sodium

129
Q

what happens when acid reacts with metal

A

temp increases

130
Q

why does the temp increase when acid reacts with metals

A

exothermic reaction

131
Q

the more reactive the metal …

A

the bigger the increase

132
Q

what are the products when an acid reacts with metals

A

hydrogen gas and a metal compound

132
Q

what is the general equation for acid reacting with metals

A

metal + acid – metal compound +hydrogen

133
Q

hydrochloric acid - metal compound name ends with …

A

chloride

134
Q

sulphuric acid - metal compound name ends with …

A

sulphate

135
Q

what is a neutralisation reaction

A

a reaction between an acid and an alkali

136
Q

what is the end point of a neutralisation reaction

A

a neutral substance

137
Q

what do acids have a pH lower than

A

7

138
Q

what does a neutral substance have a pH of

A

7

139
Q

what do alkalis have a pH above

A

7

140
Q

what is the general equation for a neutralisation reaction

A

acid + alkali – metal compound +water

141
Q

what is a catalyst

A

a chemical that speeds up reactions

142
Q

what 2 types of catalysts are there

A

chemical catalyst and biological catalyst

143
Q

chemical catalyst is

A

outside living things found in catalytic converters

144
Q

biological catalyst is

A

chemical inside living things that speed up reaction, ENZYMES

145
Q

what does acid rain affect

A

living organisms as well as materials

146
Q

what are the charged particles that transfer energy electrically

A

electrons

147
Q

what do electrons transfer as they move

A

energy

148
Q

what is a loop/path that allows charged particles to move called

A

circuit

149
Q

what type of materials must components be made from

A

conductors

150
Q

what are materials called that dont let charged particles flow through them

A

insulators

151
Q

which part of the circuit contains charged particles that move

A

wire

152
Q

which part of the circuit supplies the energy to be transferred

A

battery

153
Q

which part of the circuit transfers the energy as light

A

bulb

154
Q

what is a circuit called which is made up of 1 loop with no gaps

A

complete circuit

155
Q

what is a circuit called which is made up of a loop with gaps or insulators

A

incomplete circuit

156
Q

what is the flow of charge in a circuit called

A

current

157
Q

what is an x inside circle a symbol of

A

bulb

158
Q

what is the symbol -|-|-

A

battery

159
Q

what is the symbol —-

A

wire

160
Q

what is the symbol -A-
the A is in a circle

A

ammeter

161
Q

what is current like at all point in a circuit

A

the same

162
Q

what are the units to measure current

A

amps

163
Q

what piece of equipment is used to measure current

A

ammeter

164
Q

what is a circuit called that is made up of one loop

A

series circuit

165
Q

what piece of equipment is used to measure potential difference

A

voltmeter

166
Q

what are the units used to measure potential difference

A

volts

167
Q

what happens to total potential difference in a series circuit

A

stays same

168
Q

how many loops do parallel circuits have

A

more than 1

169
Q

how many routes does current have in a series circuit

A

1

170
Q

which component is used to measure current

A

ammeter

171
Q

what part of a circuit supplies energy from its chemical energy store

A

battery

172
Q

when charges move faster in a circuit, what has happened to current

A

increases

173
Q

what is the name of reaction when an acid reacts with an alkali

A

neutralisation reaction

174
Q

what are the 2 gases that cause acid rain

A

sulphur dioxide
nitrogen oxide

175
Q

what happens when acid rain affects trees

A

tree loses leaves then dies

176
Q

how can acid rain affect statues and buildings

A

the stone that the building / statue is made from is worn away

177
Q

when fossil fuels such as … are burned an acidic gas called ………… is released in to the air

A

when fossil fuels such as coal are burned an acidic gas called sulphur dioxide is released in to the air

178
Q

another acidic gas is ….. oxide

A

another acidic gas is nitrogen oxide

179
Q

these gases can ….. in rain ….

A

these gases can dissolve in rain clouds

180
Q

the rain that falls from these clouds is ……………….

A

the rain that falls from these clouds is acid rain

181
Q

what units do we use to measure temp

A

degrees celsius

182
Q

in the experiment when you added water to anhydrous copper sulphate, what were the 2 signs that a chemical change had taken place

A

temp and colour change

183
Q

in the experiment when u added bicarbonate of soda to acid, bubbles were seen being produced. what does the show was made in the experiment

A

a gas

184
Q

the reactants at the start of an experiment had a temp of 14 degrees at the end it had a temp of 21 degrees. what was the temp change

A

increase of 7 degrees

185
Q

what do we call a measure of how hard it is for current to flow

A

resistance

186
Q

what does a bad conductor have

A

high resistance

187
Q

component a has 2 amps
component b has 1 amp
which would have the higher resistnace

A

component b has the highest resistance and the smallest current flowing through it

188
Q

component a has 2 amps
component b has 4 amps
which is the best conductor

A

component b has the best conductor and the most current flowing through it

189
Q

why are conductors good at transfering energy electrically

A

contain electrons that are free to move

190
Q

give an example of a material that is used to make wires as it is a good conductor

A

copper

191
Q

what is current

A

flow of charge

192
Q

what is potential difference

A

energy transferred per charge

192
Q

what is resistance

A

a measure of how hard it is for current to flow

193
Q

how can the resistance of a component be calculated
what equation

A

resistance = potential difference divided by current

194
Q

units to measure resitance

A

ohms

195
Q

units to measure potential differnce

A

volts

196
Q

units to measure current

A

amps

197
Q

what is a microscopic cell

A

a small unit of living matter that is bounded by a cell memrane

198
Q

what is an electrostatic force

A

when charges are brought together they feel a force , that is an electrostatic force

199
Q

what happens when two of opposite charges are brought together

A

attract

200
Q

what happens when two of the same charges are brought together

A

repel

201
Q

what charge do electrons have

A

negative

202
Q

what do you do to insulators to transfer electrons

A

rub them together

203
Q

what causes materials to have an overall positive charge

A

lose electrons

204
Q

what causes materials to have an overall negative charge

A

gain electrons

205
Q

is the force that acts between charged objects a contact or non contact force

A

non contact

206
Q

what is the name of the force that acts between charged particles

A

electrostatic

207
Q

what is a circuit with 1 loop called

A

series circuit

208
Q

what is a circuit with more than 1 loop called

A

parallel circuit

209
Q

what are the 3 magnetic elements

A

Iron (Fe)
Cobalt (Co)
Nickel (Ni)

210
Q

where on a magnet is it the strongest

A

poles of a magnet

211
Q

what are the 2 poles on a magnet called

A

north pole and south pole

212
Q

what metal are compass needles made from

A

iron

English Vocab (25 decks)

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