history Flashcards
By what year did Britain control 23% of the population
1900
what countries were first two European countries to set up world empires
Spain and Portugal
which king began to explore the world for the british empire
King Henry VII
Which countries did Britain control
Egypt India Australia
New Zealand South Africa
How many colonies did Britain have in America
13
What was the name and year of the war that stopped Britain ruling the 13 colonies in America
American War of Independence
1789
Which monarch commissioned The British East India Company
Queen Elizabeth I
In what year was the British East India Company commissioned
1601
What was brought back to England to sell during the time of the East India Company
silk, coffee and spices
What year did Britain control all of India and what was this called
The British Raj in 1858
How many people died due to famine in India
15 million
What were forced on people during East India Company
British customs
What did British customs being forced on people mean?
their local traditions and religious beliefs were often ignored
Who was a figurehead in the Indian independence movement
Ghandi
What type of person was Ghandi
he was a holy man and a very clever politician
What did Ghandi tell the Indians to do to the british
and what was this called
to do evrything they could to make life difficult for the british in India without using violence
this is called passive resistance
on what date did india officially declare independence from britain
15th August 1947
in what years were birtain prisons becoming overpopulated
1800s
What did britain do to fix the issue of overcrowded prisons
and what waas this known as
sent convicts to Australia
Transportation
What was the name of the Australians that were unhappy about british convicts being sent to Australia
Aboriginal Australians
What did Aboriginal Australians do about fixing their problems
fought back against British Settlers
How did the British fight back to the Australians
often hunting and killing them like they were animals
What was the scramble for Africa
when many European countries hurried to occupy parts of Africa
Why did countries try and occupy parts of Africa
to collect resources like rubber, gold and diamonds
What percentage of Africa did Britain control
32%
What countries in Africa did Britain Eventually control
Nigeria, Kenya, Egypt and South Africa
What was the war called in Africa
boer war
What happened in the Boer War
saw African Farmers fight
How many British Fighters died during the Boer War
22000
What is a civil war
when two sides of the same country fight each other
When did the English civil war begin
15th August 1642
what were the followers of King Charles I called
Royalists or Cavaliers
What were people who supported parliament known as during the British Civil War
Parliamentarians
Who were the parliamentarians led by
Oliver Cromwell
What could followers of parliament also be known as and why
round heads because they usually had shorter hair
What was one of the causes of civil war
religious tensions
Since when had England been a Protestant nation
the REFORMATION
Who did Charles marry and who was she
Henrietta Maria was a French Catholic
What did parliament fear after charles married and why
that Charles was becoming more Catholic which would cause fighting in the nation
What did Charles believe when he became king
and what was this called
he was chosen by God
Divine Right of Kings
Why did Charles not work with Parliament
he believed only God could tell him what to do
What did parliament believe
they should have power too
How long did Charles close down Parliament
11 years
What was the tax called that Charles made
ship tax
What did the ship tax do
charged people for protection from the navy
What did parliament sign to limit charles power
Grand Remonstrance
What did Charles try to do to members of parliament
arrest 5 MPs
What led to the outbreak of the civil war
Charles’ abuse of power
Over the course of how many years did how many men die in combat during the civil war
over the course of 9 years 1 in 10 men died in combat
What weapons were used during the civil war
pikes
muskets
what was a pike
a long wooden pole about 5 and a half metres long with a steel tip.
When did the civil war end
1648
where did the civil war end
Battle of Preston
Who arrested Charles
Oliver Cromwell
What happened to Charles
he was Beheaded
when was Charles Beheaded
January 1649
Who took over as the leader of England
Oliver Cromwell
What was Oliver Cromwell known as
Lord Protector
