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Science Human Body System Flashcards

1
Q

Two ways your body may react to maintain homeostasis

A
  1. Go to the bathroom
  2. Release insulin
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2
Q

Organs work together to maintain a stable internal environment called

A

Homeostasis

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3
Q

Primary function of the skeletal system

A

Create a structured body, support, protection

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4
Q

How do the skeletal system and cardiovascular (circulatory) system interact?

A

The circulatory system and skeletal system both help the human body function because the circulatory system provides oxygen to the bones that work to make red and white blood cells to eliminate dirty cells.

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5
Q

What tissue connects muscle to bone?

A

Tendon

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6
Q

What tissue connects bone to bone?

A

Ligament

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7
Q

What is the difference between an involuntary and voluntary muscle?

A

Voluntary muscle is under our conscious control while involuntary muscles are not.

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8
Q

Collection of organs that transports blood to and from your body’s cells; the organs in this system include the heart, arteries, and veins

A

Circulatory/Cardiovascular system, provides oxygen

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9
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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10
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

A

Veins

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11
Q

Small blood vessels that act like a bridge between arteries and veins. thin walls enough for oxygen, carbon dioxide, food, and waste to pass through

A

Capillaries

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12
Q

What does the mitochondria perform to release energy? a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP, which may be used as energy to power many reactions throughout the body.

A

Cellular respiration

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13
Q

chambers of a heart

A

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, right ventricle

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14
Q

Collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen needed for cellular respiration and expel carbon dioxide. Trachea, lungs, diaphragm, alveoli

A

Respitory

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15
Q

What causes the lungs to fill and empty (inhalation/exhalation)?

A

Diaphragm

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16
Q

The diaphragm _______ and the rib cage _______ oxygen

A

flattens and expands

17
Q

What is the main function of the digestive system?

A

Remove waste

18
Q

List in order the organs that food must pass through in the digestive system in order.

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

19
Q

What organ absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream?

A

Small intestine

20
Q

5 foot long thick tube

A

large intestine

21
Q

20 foot long thin tube

A

small intestine

22
Q

tube that runs from the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus

23
Q

What is the main function of the excretory (urinary) system?

A

To perform homeostasis and get rid of bad fluids to create balance within the body

24
Q

Name the major organ in this system where waste is filtered.

A

Kidneys

25
Q

What is the main function of the nervous system?

A

To send signals from your brain to your body

26
Q

Involuntary body functions: breathing, heart beat

A

medulla

27
Q

Balance and coordination

A

Cerebelllum

28
Q

Memory and Learning

A

Cerebrum

29
Q

carry impulses from spinal cord to other body parts

A

spinal nerves

30
Q

relays impulses from the brain to the other parts of the body

A

spinal cord

31
Q

How does the brain communicate with other areas of the body?

A

It sends neurons with information at meeting points called synapses

32
Q

a collection of glands that controls body fluid, growth, sexual development. Organs include pancreas, thyroid gland, and pituitary gland

A

Endocrine system

33
Q

What are the chemical messengers responsible for allowing the endocrine system to communicate with the other organs in the body?

A

Hormones

34
Q

Helps protect the body from illness.
Protects the body’s cells and fights against sickness. Recognizes and attacks foreign substances in the body

A

Immune system

35
Q

What type of blood cells fight infection?

A

White blood cells

36
Q

How do the respiratory, cardiovascular, and excretory systems contribute to the process of energy production and waste removal in the body?

A

The respiratory, cardiovascular, and excretory systems contribute to the process of energy production and waste removal in the body by breaking down food that can be converted into energy and oxygen that the respiratory system helps carry the carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system removes the carbon dioxide to give oxygen to the blood that is carried and transported by the cardiovascular system. Finally, the excretory system ensures a clean environment to continue the body’s functions by removing the waste from the body.

37
Q

invaders such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites

A

Pathogens

38
Q

Proteins that detect pathogens have entered the body

A

antibodies

flashcards (4 decks)

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