Science Human Body System

Question 1

Two ways your body may react to maintain homeostasis

Answer 1

1. Go to the bathroom
2. Release insulin

Question 2

Organs work together to maintain a stable internal environment called

Answer 2

Homeostasis

Question 3

Primary function of the skeletal system

Answer 3

Create a structured body, support, protection

Question 4

How do the skeletal system and cardiovascular (circulatory) system interact?

Answer 4

The circulatory system and skeletal system both help the human body function because the circulatory system provides oxygen to the bones that work to make red and white blood cells to eliminate dirty cells.

Question 5

What tissue connects muscle to bone?

Answer 5

Tendon

Question 6

What tissue connects bone to bone?

Answer 6

Ligament

Question 7

What is the difference between an involuntary and voluntary muscle?

Answer 7

Voluntary muscle is under our conscious control while involuntary muscles are not.

Question 8

Collection of organs that transports blood to and from your body’s cells; the organs in this system include the heart, arteries, and veins

Answer 8

Circulatory/Cardiovascular system, provides oxygen

Question 9

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Answer 9

Arteries

Question 10

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

Answer 10

Veins

Question 11

Small blood vessels that act like a bridge between arteries and veins. thin walls enough for oxygen, carbon dioxide, food, and waste to pass through

Answer 11

Capillaries

Question 12

What does the mitochondria perform to release energy? a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP, which may be used as energy to power many reactions throughout the body.

Answer 12

Cellular respiration

Question 13

chambers of a heart

Answer 13

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, right ventricle

Question 14

Collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen needed for cellular respiration and expel carbon dioxide. Trachea, lungs, diaphragm, alveoli

Answer 14

Respitory

Question 15

What causes the lungs to fill and empty (inhalation/exhalation)?

Answer 15

Diaphragm

Question 16

The diaphragm _______ and the rib cage _______ oxygen

Answer 16

flattens and expands

Question 17

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Answer 17

Remove waste

Question 18

List in order the organs that food must pass through in the digestive system in order.

Answer 18

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 19

What organ absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream?

Answer 19

Small intestine

Question 20

5 foot long thick tube

Answer 20

large intestine

Question 21

20 foot long thin tube

Answer 21

small intestine

Question 22

tube that runs from the pharynx to the stomach

Answer 22

esophagus

Question 23

What is the main function of the excretory (urinary) system?

Answer 23

To perform homeostasis and get rid of bad fluids to create balance within the body

Question 24

Name the major organ in this system where waste is filtered.

Answer 24

Kidneys

Question 25

What is the main function of the nervous system?

Answer 25

To send signals from your brain to your body

Question 26

Involuntary body functions: breathing, heart beat

Answer 26

medulla

Question 27

Balance and coordination

Answer 27

Cerebelllum

Question 28

Memory and Learning

Answer 28

Cerebrum

Question 29

carry impulses from spinal cord to other body parts

Answer 29

spinal nerves

Question 30

relays impulses from the brain to the other parts of the body

Answer 30

spinal cord

Question 31

How does the brain communicate with other areas of the body?

Answer 31

It sends neurons with information at meeting points called synapses

Question 32

a collection of glands that controls body fluid, growth, sexual development. Organs include pancreas, thyroid gland, and pituitary gland

Answer 32

Endocrine system

Question 33

What are the chemical messengers responsible for allowing the endocrine system to communicate with the other organs in the body?

Answer 33

Hormones

Question 34

Helps protect the body from illness. Protects the body’s cells and fights against sickness. Recognizes and attacks foreign substances in the body

Answer 34

Immune system

Question 35

What type of blood cells fight infection?

Answer 35

White blood cells

Question 36

How do the respiratory, cardiovascular, and excretory systems contribute to the process of energy production and waste removal in the body?

Answer 36

The respiratory, cardiovascular, and excretory systems contribute to the process of energy production and waste removal in the body by breaking down food that can be converted into energy and oxygen that the respiratory system helps carry the carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system removes the carbon dioxide to give oxygen to the blood that is carried and transported by the cardiovascular system. Finally, the excretory system ensures a clean environment to continue the body's functions by removing the waste from the body.

Question 37

invaders such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites

Answer 37

Pathogens

Question 38

Proteins that detect pathogens have entered the body

Answer 38

antibodies