Science - Energy Flashcards
For the Science Physics Energy test.
How does heat energy flow?
From the hotter object to the colder object
What are the THREE transformations of heat energy?
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
What is conduction?
When heat is transferred from one object to another physically (By physical contact)
The particles in the solid object still vibrate when heated and bump into another object.
What is the opposite to a conductor?
An insulator. It is a poor conductor.
What are some examples of good conductors.
Copper, tin, iron, or generally any metal.
Conductors can conduct heat very well.
What are some examples of poor conductors (Insulators).
Plastic, rubber, wood. Fabrics are also good insulators.
Insulators cannot conduct heat very well and are generally used to keep heat or stop the cold.
What is convection?
When heat energy is transferred on currents of air. The hot air rises and the cold air lowers. This creates a cycle called convection.
What is the equation for density?
Density = Mass / Volume
What are all the forms of energy?
Kinetic: Movement of objects
Light: The light emitted Sound: Noise
Nuclear: Nuclear Energy
Chemical: Chemical Energy
Electrical: Electricity
Thermal: Heat sources
Potential Energy:
Gravitational Potential Energy, Elastic Potential Energy, Chemical Potential Energy
What is a Sanky Diagram and how do you draw one?
A Sanky Diagram shows how energy efficient a machine is.
You have 100% input energy and there are two different outputs: Wasted and Useful Energy.
Is sound a transverse wave or a longitudinal wave?
Longitudinal Wave.
How does sound travel?
Sound vibrates the close air particles. These particles bump into other particles and keeps on bumping into the next particle. This creates a “wave” and allows us to hear the sound.
What is the peak/crest in a sound wave?
The highest point of a wavelength.
What is the amplitude in a sound wave?
It is the height of the wave measured from the middle to the peak.
What is the trough in a sound wave?
Similar to peak, it is the lowest point of a wavelength.
What is the frequency in a sound wave?
How fast a wave travels.
What is the measurement Hertz used for?
To measure the frequency (How fast a wave travels).
In a sound wave, what shows how loud a sound is?
It depends on the amplitude of the sound wave. A higher amplitude is a louder sound.
In a sound wave, what shows how high/low in pitch is a sound?
It depends on the wavelength of the sound wave. A longer wavelength is a lower pitched sound.
How fast does light travel at in m/s?
299 792 458 metres per second
What type of surface reflects light?
All surfaces reflect light, it just depends on the surface.
What is specular reflection?
Where the surface is smooth. This makes the light reflect like a mirror.
What is diffuse reflection?
Where the surface is rough. The light bounces around randomly and is called diffuse scattering.
What is the Conservation of Energy?
It is a law that states that energy cannot be destroyed or created and it can only be transferred or transformed.
What is Energy Efficiency?
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy output.
What are some examples of things that an energy efficient home would have?
Solar panels, Insulation and Double Glazing.
What measurement is used to measure energy?
Joules (J)
How do you measure loudness?
In decibels (dB).
What is radiation?
The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
How does light travels?
Via electromagnetic waves.
What is transparent?
Glass. When you can see through something.
What is translucent?
Baking paper. You can see through it but the light is scattered/blurred.
What is opaque?
Brick wall. You cannot see through it.
Who made this flashcard set?
Ziming
What will you get on your Energy test?
At least an 80% if you actually did the flashcards correctly.
What can heat energy also be called?
Thermal Energy
What is colour dispersion?
When white light is passed through something it splits into its spectrum of colours.
What is gravitational potential energy?
The potential energy that is stored when an object has gravity. (A rock being held up)
What is elastic potential energy?
The energy stored in an elastic (rubber band). When the rubber band is released it converts the elastic potential energy into kinetic.
What is chemical potential energy?
The enemy stored in food. When it is broken down by acids it releases energy.
What colour has the highest frequency?
The colour blue.
What colour is refracted the most?
Blue light.
What does “nm” stand for?
Nanometer. There is one billion nanometers in one metre.
What are all the non-visible lights in the electromagnetic spectrum?
From largest wavelength to smallest:
Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
[Visible Light is here]
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma Rays
Which way does sound travel from its source?
It travels in all directions.
What is a light year?
The distance it takes light to travel one year.
This is 299792458metres x (60x60x24x365x4+1)=3.781702e+16 metres in 1 year.
