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Grade 9 Second Semster > Science Electricity > Flashcards

Science Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Static Electricity

A

a stationary electric charge.

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2
Q

Electrical Discharge

A

sudden transfer of electrical charge form one object to another

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3
Q

Charge Seperation

A

concentration of like charges in specific areas of a neutral object, caused by the approach of a charged object

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4
Q

Van de Graaft Generator

A

a device that uses thr friction between a rubber belt and a metal sphere to create a build-up of static electricity

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5
Q

Current Electricity

A

electricity that flows continuously

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6
Q

Electrical Current

A

the steady flow of charged particles

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7
Q

Ammeter

A

A device that is used to measure the current

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8
Q

Ampere (A)

A

the unit of measure for electrical current

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9
Q

Voltage (V)

A

a measureof how much electrical energy a charged particle carries

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10
Q

Volt

A

the unit of measure for voltage

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11
Q

Resistance (R)

A

the measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through a substance

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12
Q

Ohm (Ω)

A

the unit of measure for resistance

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13
Q

Conductor

A

a material that electric charge can move through easily

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14
Q

Insulator

A

a substance that strongly resists the flow of electricity

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15
Q

Ciruit

A

a complete path that charged particles flow through

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16
Q

Load

A

a device in a circuit that converts electrical energy to another form of energy

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17
Q

Potential Difference

A

the change in the potential energy of electric charge compared to its potential energy at a reference point

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18
Q

Ammeter

A

a device used to measure electrical current

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19
Q

Voltmeter

A

a device used to measures voltage

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20
Q

Ohmmeter

A

a device used to measure resistance in a circuit

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21
Q

Multimeter

A

a device used to measure current, voltage, or resistance in a circuit

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22
Q

Short circuit

A

an unintended, low-resistance, alternate path between two points a circuit

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23
Q

Ground

A

especially in electrical wiring, this refers to another pathway for electricity to safely get to the ground

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24
Q

Fuses

A

a thin piece of metal that melts to break and electrical circuit when excess current flow occurs

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25
Q

Circuit Breaker

A

a special wire that heats up and turns off a switch when exccess current flows through an electrical circuit

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26
Q

Cells

A

a package of chemicals designed to produce small amounts of electricity from chemical reactions

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27
Q

Electrochemical Cell

A

a package of chemicals designed to produce small amounts of electricity from chemical reactions

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28
Q

Electrolyte

A

a liquid or paste that conducts electricity because it contains ions

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29
Q

Electrode

A

a conductor through which electric current enters or leaves a device or material

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30
Q

Dry Cell

A

an electrochemical cell whose electrolyte is in the form of a liquid the type of cell commonly used portable devices

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31
Q

Wet Cell

A

an electrochemical cell whose elctrolyte is in the form of a liquid the type of cell commonly used in vehicles

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32
Q

Primary Cell

A

a cell that produces electricity through chemical reactions and cannot b reversed or reused once all of its potential for chemical reaction has been depleted

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33
Q

Secondary Cells

A

a rechargeable cell

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34
Q

Battery

A

a set of electrochemical cells connected together to provide a larger voltage

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35
Q

Electrolysis

A

the desomposition of a chemical compound by using an electric current

36
Q

Electroplating

A

the use of electricity to coat a thin layer of metal onto an object

37
Q

Semiconductor

A

a material having a conductivity greater than an insulator but less than a good conductor

38
Q

Superconductor

A

a substance with no resistance to electron flow

39
Q

Resistors

A

a device having resistance to the passage of electrical current, often used to control current in a circuit

40
Q

Switch

A

a device that controls the flow of electrons in a circuit by being open (Stop) closed (go)

41
Q

Variable Resistor

A

a resistor whose resistance can be manipulated by adjusting the portion of the resistor that the current travels through

42
Q

Rheostat

A

a resistor whose resistance can be manipulated by adjusting the portion of the resistor that the current travels through

43
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

the law stating that, as long as the temp. remains constant, then the resistance of a conductor remains constant, and the current is directly proportional to the voltage applied.

44
Q

Schematic

A

a diagram using symbols to show the components and connections in a circuit

45
Q

Power Source

A

provides energy to the circuit

46
Q

Conductor

A

provides a path for the current to flow

47
Q

Switch

A

an on/off

48
Q

Load

A

a device to convert electrical energy into another form

49
Q

Series Circuit

A

a circuit which has one a single pathway for the current so that the same current passes through all components

50
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

a circuit in which the current can flow in multiple paths

51
Q

Energy

A

the ability to do work

52
Q

Joule (J)

A

the unit of measure for energy

53
Q

Chemical Energy

A

energy stored in chemical and released when chemicals react

54
Q

Electrical Energy

A

the energy of charged particles

55
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

energy possessed by an object because of its motion or its potential to move

56
Q

Thermal Energy

A

total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance

57
Q

Thermalcouple

A

a device consisting of two wires of different metals joined such that a voltage is produced between the ends in proportion to the difference in temp

58
Q

Electromagnet

A

a coil of wire that becomes a magnet when current moves through it

59
Q

Motor

A

a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

60
Q

Commutator

A

the split ring in a motor that breaks the flow of electricity momentarily

61
Q

Brush

A

the mechanisms that make electrical contact with the moving commutator in a motor

62
Q

Armature

A

the rotating shaft and coil in a motor or generator

63
Q

Direct Current

A

current that flows in only one direction

64
Q

Alternating Current

A

current that flows back and forth 60 times per second

65
Q

Transformer

A

a device that changes the voltage of electricity

66
Q

Electromagnetic Induction

A

the generation of electric current in a conductor by changing magnetic field

67
Q

Power

A

the rate at which a device converts energy

68
Q

Watt (W)

A

the unit of measure for power

69
Q

Kilowatts per hour (kWh)

A

the commonly used unit of electrical energy, equal to a power consumption of 1000 W per 1 hour

70
Q

The Law of Conervation of Energy

A

the fundamental principle that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only changed from one form into another

71
Q

Efficiency

A

the ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input in a device or system

72
Q

Fossil Fuels

A

fuel formed from dead plants and animals

73
Q

Hydro-electric

A

electricity generated using the flow of water

74
Q

Turbine

A

a machine that uses the flow of a fluid to rotate a shaft

75
Q

Nuclear Fission

A

the splitting of atoms, which releases large amounts energy

76
Q

Geothermal Energy

A

the energy derived from the internal heat of the Earth

77
Q

Biomass

A

organic matter used as an energy source

78
Q

Alternate Energy

A

other sources of energy

Ex) solar, wind, tides

79
Q

Fuel Cell

A

a primary cell that generates electricity directly from a chemical reaction

80
Q

Nonrenewable

A

a resource that cannot be replenished

81
Q

Renewable

A

a resource that is continually replenished and can be used indefinitely

82
Q

Fly Ash

A

fine airborne ash produced by burning of coal or other solid fuels

83
Q

Sustainability

A

the use of resources at a rate that can be maintained indefinitely

84
Q

PIV

A

Power- on top (W)
Current- Bottom (A)
Voltage- Bottom (V)

85
Q

EPt

A

Energy- Top (J) (Ws)
Power- Bottom (W)
Time- Bottom (s)

86
Q

VIR

A

Voltage- on top (V)
Current- Bottom (A)
Resistance- Bottom Ohms (Ω)

87
Q

Efficienticy

A

Useful Energy over Input of energy times 100.

Grade 9 Second Semster (5 decks)

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