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Grade 9 Second Semster > Science Biodiversity > Flashcards

Science Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Species

A

Living things of the same kind that are able to reproduce successfully

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2
Q

Biological diversity

A

The variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

Environment where living things interact with other living things and nonliving things

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4
Q

Biotic

A

Consisting of living organisms

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5
Q

Abiotic

A

Nonliving

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6
Q

Diversity/ variation

A

A range of different things

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7
Q

Organism

A

A living thing

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8
Q

The categories of the Linnaean classification system of living things; also known as the taxonomy of living things

A 
Kingdom
Phylum 
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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9
Q

Interdependence

A

Mutual need of each other

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10
Q

Symbiosis

A

The relationship between to different species

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11
Q

Commensalism

A

The relationship between species in which one species benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed

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12
Q

Mutualism

A

the relationship between species in which both species benefit

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13
Q

Parasitic

A

the relationship between species in which one species benifit and one is harmed

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14
Q

Niche

A

the role an organism or species within an ecosystem

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15
Q

Interspecies Competition

A

two or more species needing the same limited resource

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16
Q

Resource Partitioning

A

division of a resource among 2 or more species living within the same ecosystem

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17
Q

Variability

A

variation within a species

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18
Q

Natural Selection

A

a process in which the environment “selects” which individuals will survive and reproduce

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19
Q

Heritable Characteristics

A

traits that are passed genetically from one generation to the next

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20
Q

Non-heritable Characteristics

A

traits that are not passed genetically but acquired

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21
Q

Discrete Variation

A

differences in a heritable trait that has an either or form

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22
Q

Continuous Variation

A

differences in a heritable trait that has many forms

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23
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

reproduction that takes place in one organism. Making the offspring identical

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24
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

reproduction involving the union of sex cells. Making the offspring different

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25
Q

Binary Fission

A

a type of asexual reproduction in single celled organisms. Parent organism splits into 2 identical daughter cells

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26
Q

Budding

A

a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud

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27
Q

Spore Production

A

a type of asexual reproduction in which spores are produced and released.

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28
Q

Vegetative Reproduction

A

a type of asexual reproduction in plants that dows not involve the formation of a seed. Cutting, tuber, bulb.

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29
Q

Gametes

A

a sex cell

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30
Q

Sperm Cells

A

male sex cell

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31
Q

Egg Cells

A

female sex cell

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32
Q

Ova

A

female sex cell

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33
Q

Fertilization

A

the union of a female gamete and male gamete

34
Q

Zygote

A

a fertilized egg

35
Q

Cleavage

A

the first divisions of a zygote

36
Q

Embryo

A

an undeveloped muticellular organism

37
Q

Pollen

A

fine yellow powder on the anthers of flowers. Contains male gametes

38
Q

Stamen

A

the male reproductive system of a plant

39
Q

Anther

A

a part of the stamen of a male plant produces and stores pollen

40
Q

Pistil

A

the female reproductive system of a plant

41
Q

Stigma

A

the female reproductive part of a plant that receives pollen

42
Q

Ovule

A

sac containing the female gametes in a plant

43
Q

Ovary

A

female reproductive organ in which egg cells are produced in plants

44
Q

Style

A

the structure that supports the stigma and connects if with the ovary

45
Q

Pollination

A

the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma within plants

46
Q

Cross-pollination

A

the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant ot the stigma of another by wind, water, or animals

47
Q

Cross-fertilization

A

the joining of a gamete from a pollen grain and a gamete from te ovule to form a zygote

48
Q

Genetics

A

the study of how hertitable traits are transmitted through generations

49
Q

DNA

A

the genetic material found mainly in the nuclei of cells of living things

50
Q

Genes

A

a segment of DNA, located at one particular place on a chromosome

51
Q

Chromosomes

A

a structure in whish DNA is packages and along which genes are located

52
Q

Double Helix

A

the arrangement of four chemicals on a DNA molecule.

53
Q

Alleles

A

a variant form of a gene

54
Q

Mitosis

A

a type of cell division that occurs in multi-cellular organisms, creates two identical daughter cells

55
Q

Meisois

A

a type of cell division that occurs in multi-cellular organisms, that produce 4 gametes

56
Q

Traits

A

a characteristic of an organism

57
Q

Purebred

A

referring to a plant or animal that has ancestors all with the same form of triat

58
Q

Homozygous

A

referring to a plant or animal that has ancestors all with the same form of triat

59
Q

Hybrid

A

an organism that has 2 different alleles for a specific gene

60
Q

Hetrozygous

A

an organism that has 2 different allesles for a specific gene

61
Q

Genotype

A

the combination of genes/alleles in the chromosomes of an oraganism

62
Q

Phenotype

A

the observable traits that we see exhibited because of the combination of genes/alleles

63
Q

Dominant

A

the form of a trait that is exhibited in an organism when two opposing alleles are inherited

64
Q

Recessive

A

the form of a trait that is exhibited in an oraganism only when the same two non-dominant alleles are inherited

65
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A

a pattern of inheritance seen when two different alleles are present, but neither is more dominant over the other

66
Q

Extinction

A

no longer in existence on the planet

67
Q

Extirpation

A

no longer existence in a specific region

68
Q

Overspecialization

A

a species is vulnerable to extinction because it is too adapted to its environment

69
Q

Habitat Destruction

A

rapid changes to ecosystems

70
Q

Introduction of Non Native Species

A

bringing a species that is not naturally present in an ecosystem into that ecosystme where it now competes with native species for resources

71
Q

Overhunting/ Overfishing

A

“removal” of a population of a species from an ecosystem by killing that species for sport

72
Q

Biotechnology

A

the use of living things to make agricultural, industrial, or medicinal products

73
Q

Artificial Selection

A

specific breeding of plants and animals, by humans, to produce offspring with desirable traits

74
Q

Clone

A

a genetically identical copy of an entire orgaism or of its cells or genes

75
Q

Artificial Insemination

A

artificialcollection and injection of sperm from a male into a female

76
Q

In Vitro Fertilization

A

a reproductive tech in which a sperm and egg are united in a lab setting

77
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

the intentional altering of the DNA of an organism or a population of organism

78
Q

Insitu Conservation

A

the maintenance of wild organisms within their functioning ecosystem

79
Q

Exsitu Conservation

A

the maintenance of organisms outside of their ecosystem or natural habitats

80
Q

Population

A

number of organisms of the same species

81
Q

Community

A

all organisms in a specific area

Grade 9 Second Semster (5 decks)

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