Science Core Flashcards
The way a surface reflects light
luster
a minerals resistance to being scratched
hardness
the tendency of some minerals to break along smooth, flat surfaces
cleavage
the color of a mineral in powdered form
streak
non living
inorganic
a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter
rock
the breaking down of rocks (water, wind, ice, heat)
weathering
causes the oceanic lithosphere to move sideways and away from mid- ocean ridges
convection currents
when 2 tectonic plates collide
convergent
when 2 tectonic played separate
divergent
when 2 tectonic played slide past each other horizontally
transform
the movement of one tectonic plate underneath another
subduction
richter scale
to measure magnitude
mecalli scale
to measure intensity
a break in the earths crust along which 2 blocks of the crust slide relative to one another
fault
the point inside the earth earth where an earthquake begins
focus
the point on the earths surface directly above an earthquakes starting point
epicenter
a volcanically active area of earths surface far from a tectonic plate boundary
hot spot
what are the 4 characteristics of a mineral?
solid
inorganic
crystalline structure
natural
formed by cooled magma/lava
igneous
formed by compacted layers of sediment
sedimentary
formed by tremendous heat, great pressure, and chemical reactions
metamorphic
igneous to sedimentary
weathering and erosion
sedimentary to metamorphic
heat and pressure
metamorphic to magma
melting
metamorphic to sedimentary
weathering and erosion
magma to igneous
cooling
what are the layers of the earth
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
how do we know about the layers of the earth
seismic waves
