Earthquake and Volcano test Flashcards
A break in a body of rock
Fault
Point inside the Earth where an earthquake begins
Focus
Point on the Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s focus
Epicenter
Sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its original shape
Elastic Rebound
How big an earthquake is
Magnitude
How severe the shaking is
Intensity
Body waves
Seismic waves that move through the earth
Surface waves
Seismic waves that travel on the surface of the earth
Earthquakes can only occur along faults
True
Earthquakes can only occur along the tectonic plate boundaries
False, because of the tectonic plates constantly moving and sliding
seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back and forth direction
Primary wave
Seismic wave that causes particles to move in a side by side motion
Secondary wave
2 types of surface waves
love, Rayleigh
2 types of body waves
primary, secondary
3 types of volcanos
shield, cinder cone, composite
what are the 4 types of pyroclastic material?
volcanic bombs (large blob of volcano)
ash ( glasslike silvers)
blocks (largest piece)
lapilli (largest stone)
what are the 4 types of lava?
AA (pours quickly)
pahouhoe (flows slowly)
pillow (rounded lumps)
blocky (oozes)
define viscosity
how lava flows
what are the 3 types of volcanic landforms?
craters, calderas, lava plateaus
what is the difference between magma and lava ?
magma- molten rock
lava- magma that flows onto the earth’s surface
what is the difference between explosive and nonexplosive eruptions
non: common, calm lava flow
explosive: rare, cause molten rock to be blown into tiny particles that harden in the air
Parts of a volcano
Magma chamber
Vent
Richter scale
Magnitude
Mecalli scale
Intensity
2 types of waves
Body and surface waves
