Science - Ch. 4

Question 1

Force

Answer 1

push or pull that acts on an object, measured in newtons (N)

Question 2

Friction

Answer 2

force that opposes the motion of an object

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

amount of matter in an object

Question 4

Weight

Answer 4

amount of force on an object due to gravity

Question 5

Work

Answer 5

amount of effort expended when a force causes an object to move a distance

Question 6

Energy

Answer 6

ability to do work

Question 7

Kinetic Energy

Answer 7

energy of an object in motion

Question 8

Potential Energy

Answer 8

energy that is stored

Question 9

Input force

Answer 9

force applied to a machine

Question 10

Output force

Answer 10

force that a machine applies to an object

Question 11

Mechanical Advantage

Answer 11

amount by which a machine can multiply an input force to make work easier.

Question 12

Formula for work

Answer 12

Work = Force x Distance OR W = F x D

Question 13

Formula for mechanical advantage

Answer 13

Mechanical Advantage = Output Force ÷ Input Force

Question 14

Formula for ideal mechanical advantage

Answer 14

Ideal Mechanical Advantage = Input Force ÷ Output Force

Question 15

Input and output force of using a hammer.

Answer 15

Input Force = Hold the hammer with your hand and hitting the nail with the hammer
Output Force = The nail drives further into the board

Question 16

Ideal mechanical advantage

Answer 16

The mechanical of a machine that has no friction.

Question 17

How do machines make work easier?

Answer 17

By increasing the force and distance, or changing the direction of the force.

Question 18

What is a machine

Answer 18

A mechanical system that reduces the force required to accomplish work.