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Grade 7 - 8 Cards > Ch. 8 fluids (w/ teachers notes) > Flashcards

Ch. 8 fluids (w/ teachers notes) Flashcards

1
Q

What is viscosity.

A

The resistance of a fluid to flow.

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2
Q

What is the difference in flows between fluids with a high viscosity and fluids with a low viscosity?

A

Fluids with a high viscosity do not flow as easily as a fluid with a low viscosity.

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3
Q

What happens as the temperature of a liquid increases?

A

As the temperature of a liquid increases, it’s viscosity decreases and it flows easier. The warmer the liquid, the faster it flows.

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4
Q

What happens as the temperature of a liquid decreases?

A

As the temperature of a liquid decreases, its viscosity increases and it flows slower. The cooler the liquid, the slower it flows.

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5
Q

What happens when the temperature of a gas increases?

A

In a gas, when the temperature increases, the friction between particles increases and it flows slower.

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6
Q

What happens when the temperature of a gas decreases?

A

When the temperature in a gas decreases, there is less friction and it flows quicker.

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7
Q

How do you calculate density?

A

Density (D) = Mass (m) ➗ Volume (V)

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8
Q

List examples of substances that have a greater density water. Then do substances with a lower density.

A

Greater: Gold, Iron & Aluminum

Lower: Oil, Alcohol, Gasoline & Wood

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9
Q

List examples of substances that have a greater density water. Then do substances with a lower density.

A

Greater: Gold, Iron & Aluminum

Lower: Oil, Alcohol, Gasoline & Wood

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10
Q

Why are particles in water special?

A

The particles in water move slightly farther apart as the water freezes, so ice is less dense than water.

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11
Q

What is force?

A

Push or pull that acts on an object

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12
Q

What is buoyancy?

A

The tendency of an object in a fluid to rise or sink due to density differences in its surroundings

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13
Q

What does gravity do? What does buoyant force do?

A

Gravity pushes all objects towards earth where as buoyant force pushes objects in fluids upward.

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14
Q

When will an object rise?

A

When the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid and the buoyant force is greater than gravity

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15
Q

When will an object sink?

A

When the density of an object is greater than the density of a fluid and the buoyant force is less than gravity.

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16
Q

When will an object float?

A

When the density of the object is equal to the density of the fluid and the buoyant force is equal to gravity

17
Q

When will an object float?

A

When the density of the object is equal to the density of the fluid and the buoyant force is equal to gravity

18
Q

What does Archimedes principle state?

A

That the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

19
Q

What is pressure?

A

The amount of force applied to a given area.

20
Q

How does pressure change with depth?

A

The greater the depth, the greater the pressure

21
Q

Does pressure make fluid flow faster? How do fluids flow?

A

Yes, pressure makes fluids flow faster.

Fluids always move from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure.

22
Q

Why does pressure increase with temperature? What happens if pressure increases in a container?

A

Because the particles move quicker with an increase in temperature. If pressure increases in a container due to heat, it could cause an explosion

23
Q

Why does pressure increase with temperature? What happens if pressure increases in a container?

A

Because the particles move quicker with an increase in temperature. If pressure increases in a container due to heat, it could cause an explosion.

24
Q

What is compression?

A

A decrease in volume caused by a force

25
Q

What is compressibilty?

A

The property of being able to be compressed.

26
Q

Why can’t solids by compressed?

A

Solids cannot be compressed because the particles are already packed close together.

27
Q

Why does very little compression occur in liquids?

A

Because the particles are much closer together.

28
Q

Why are gases easily compressed?

A

Because the spaces between the particles are very far apart.

29
Q

What is friction?

A

A force that works to slow down motion as a result of surfaces rubbing against each other. The greater the friction between particles in any fluid, the higher the viscosity. A fluid with a high viscosity has a large amount of internal friction.

30
Q

What is a way to compare the viscosity of different fluids? What is that? What is it determined by? The greater the viscosity the__.

A

The flow rate of a fluid is a measure of the speed at which a fluid flows past a given point in a given time. Flow rate is determined by measuring the amount of fluid that flows past a given point in a given time. The greater the viscosity, the lower the flow rate.

31
Q

What units are usually used for calculating the density of…
Liquids

A

Liquids: grams per milliliter (g/mL). Gases: kilograms per litre (kg/L). The unit for measuring the density of solids is usually grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm*3).

32
Q

What units are usually used for calculating the density of…
1.liquids 2.Gases 3.Solids

A

Liquids: grams per milliliter (g/mL)
Gases: kilograms per litre (kg/L).
Solids: grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm*3).

33
Q

Which one is less dense?

A

Freshwater or salt water?

Warm water or cold water?

34
Q

What does the Plimsoll line show?

A

The Plimsoll line shows how heavily a ship can be safely loaded in different water conditions. The marks on the left indicate where the waterline should be in freshwater. The mark on the right indicates where the waterline should be in salt water.

35
Q

What is density and what does it describe?

A

Density is the amount of mass contained in a given volume. Density describes how closely packed together the particles are in a substance.

36
Q

What is the measuring unit of force? What is it approximately equal to?

A

Newton (N).

One newton is approximately equal to the force you would exert to hold up a baseball.

Grade 7 - 8 Cards (19 decks)

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