Science - biology Flashcards
Cell wall
Made up of cellulose. Provide protection to the cell.
Nucleus
DNA = set of instructions that tell the cell how to build proteins. Contains DNA and chromosomes of the cell.
Mitochondria
Process of respiration which releases energy from the food you eat.
Chloroplasts
Green chemical called chlorophyll. Where photosynthesis takes place, light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy.
Vacuoles
Very large and empty space in the middle, containing water and minerals - cell sap. Contains large amounts of water and stores other important materials.
Cytoplasm
Contains mostly water / jelly like substance. Site of where many important chemical reactions take place.
What are the features of a plant cell
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Cell wall of cellulose
Vacuole
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
What are the features in an animal cell
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
cell membrane
Mitochondrion
What is a procedure carried out on plant cells so they are visible un der a microscope
Stain the cells
How to figure out the magnification of the microscope
Magnification of the eye piece x the magnification of the objective lens
Magnification equation triangle
Image size
Actual size x Magnification
Magnification
Image size / actual size
Image size
Actual size * magnification
Actual size
Image size / magnification
How many micrometres are in a mm
1000 micrometres
Name the type of white blood cell
Lymphocyte
Egg cell
Large, contains half the genetic material.
Contains the nutrients for a developing embryo, the other genetic material is when the sperm fuse with the egg cell
Sperm cell
Tail (flagellum), plasma membrane, nucleus contains half the DNA.
Propels itself towards the egg cell using its tail, helps it burrow through the egg.
Root hair cell (plant roots)
Large surface area, mitochondria.
Adapted to take up water and mineral ions, larger surface area = increase rate of absorption
Ciliated cell
Airways, hairs, has cilia (hair like structures).
Traps mucus, wafts mucus out of the lungs and wafts eggs along the oviduct.
Palisade cell
Sponge layer, contains lots of chloroplasts.
Photosynthesise (absorb sunlight)
Red blood cell
Carry oxygen through the lungs and deliver it through the body. bi - concave disc maximises their surface area to absorb oxygen.
Organism
A term for a living thing. There are three main groups of organism - bacteria, archaea and eukaryote organism.
Tissue
A group of cells working together to perform a shared function, and often with similar structures.
Organ
A structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to perform specific functions.
Cell
Basic building blocks of all living things. They are tiny structures
Organ system
A group of organs with related functions, working together to perform certain functions within the body.
