Science and Technology: Under the Microscope

Question 1

A flagellum helps a bacterium to do what?

Answer 1

Move
A flagellum helps a bacterium to move by acting as a propeller-like structure
that enables locomotion through its environment; essentially allowing the
bacteria to “swim” in liquid mediums. Flagella are crucial for bacteria to
navigate their environment, access nutrients, and even colonize host tissues
in the case of pathogens.

Question 2

*

The Cyclops belongs to which group of animals?

Answer 2

Crustaceans
Cyclops is a type of small freshwater crustacean, specifically classified as a
copepod.

Question 3

Which tiny creature causes the skin disease scabies?

Answer 3

Mite or Itch mite or Sarcoptes scabiei
The microscopic human itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. hominis, causes
scabies. Scabies is a skin disease that occurs when the mites burrow into
the skin and lay eggs.

Question 4

Bacillus are a type of _______________.

Answer 4

Bacteria
Bacillus are a type of bacteria; specifically, a genus of rod-shaped, Grampositive bacteria often found in soil and water, with some species being
pathogenic and others used in industrial processes.

Question 5

What is the function of the arm of a microscope?

Answer 5

Connects the microscope head to the base, thus providing stability for
viewing adjustments. It also serves as a handle for carrying the microscope.

Question 6

The liver disease hepatitis is usually caused by a virus. According to
the World Health Organization, which type of hepatitis is most often
spread by the consumption of contaminated food and water?

Answer 6

Hepatitis A or Hepatitis A Virus or HAV

Question 7

What do bacteriophage viruses do?

Answer 7

Invade and kill bacteria

Question 8

What is the word “microscope” derived from?

Answer 8

microscopium
The word “microscope” comes from the Latin word microscopium, which is
derived from the Greek words mikros, meaning “small,” and skopein,
meaning “to look at”.

Question 9

According to the National Institutes of Health, who performed the first
successful vaccination?

Answer 9

Dr. Edward Jenner or Edward Jenner or Jenner

Question 10

In what year did the World Health Organization declare the smallpox
virus eradicated?

Answer 10

1980

Question 11

Which virus is associated with the common cold?

Answer 11

A rhinovirus or rhinovirus
While several viruses can cause a cold, rhinoviruses are considered the
primary culprit, responsible for the majority of common cold cases.

Question 12

. What illness is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium?

Answer 12

Whooping cough

Question 13

Which Kingdom does the microorganism paramecium belong to?

Answer 13

Kingdom Protista or Protista

Question 14

What disease is named after the town in Connecticut in which it was
first recognized in 1975?

Answer 14

Lyme disease
Lyme disease is named after Lyme, Connecticut, where it was first identified in 1975. The disease is caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, which is spread to humans through the bite of an infected tick.

Question 15

Which tree has been used to treat malaria?

Answer 15

Cinchona Tree or Chinchona

Question 16

How do you calculate the magnification of a microscope?

Answer 16

Multiply the magnification of the eyepiece lens by the magnification of the objective lens.
For example: if the eyepiece lens has a magnification of 10x and the objective lens has a magnification of 4x, the total magnification of the microscope would be 40x (10x * 4x).

Question 17

Alexander Fleming is credited with discovering penicillin. According to
the National Library of Medicine, in what year did this happen?

Answer 17

1928
Fleming noticed mold growing on a petri dish of bacteria, which was later
identified as Penicillium, and observed that the mold was inhibiting the
growth of bacteria, leading to his discovery of penicillin.

Question 18

What infective agent is thought to cause the disease BSE (mad cow
disease)?

Answer 18

A prion or prion
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), also known as mad cow disease,
is caused by an abnormal protein called a prion. Prions are misfolded
versions of proteins that are normally found in the bodies of animals and
humans.

Question 19

Heliozoans live in fresh water and the sea. They are known by what
other name?

Answer 19

Sun animals or sun-animalcules

Question 20

. True or False: Simple microscopes are versatile tools that can be used
for various experiments and observations.

Answer 20

True
Per Microscope World, “experimenting with a simple microscope is a fun
and educational way to explore the hidden details of the world around you.”
Below are some simple experiments one can perform with a microscope:
- “Observing Plant Cells: Take a thin slice of onion or leaf and place it
on a glass slide. Add a drop of water and cover it with a cover slip.
Use a simple microscope to observe the cells of the plant, including
the cell walls, nuclei, and chloroplasts.
- Examining Hair and Fibers: Pluck a hair from your head or gather
fibers from fabric. Place them on a glass slide and cover with a
cover slip. Use a simple microscope to examine the structure of the
hair or fibers, including their color, texture, and any surface
features.
- Identifying Microscopic Organisms in Soil: Collect a sample of soil
from your garden or outdoor environment. Mix a small amount of
soil with water and place a drop on a glass slide. Use a simple
microscope to examine the soil particles and any microscopic
organisms present, such as bacteria, fungi, or nematodes.”