science and technology Flashcards
science (n)
scientific (adj)
~ deals with observed facts and the relationships among
those facts.
The twentieth century has witnessed a dramatic increase
in ~ progress.
a scientist (n)
the ~ community (n)
a scientist (n)
a researcher (n)
~s study a wide variety of subjects, such as clues to the
origin of the universe. Other ~s examine the structure of
cells in living organisms.
do research
investigate (v) Still others ~ why we act the way we do, or try to solve
complicated mathematical problems.
= examine sth (v)
absorb sth (v) They concluded that further research is needed to
investigate how plants ~ different nutrients.
Plants ~ oxygen.
an engineer (n) Science attempts to explain how and why things happen.
~ are concerned with making things happen.
mechanical/aerospace/
civil etc. engineers
discover sth (v) About 10,000 years ago, people first ~ed how to raise
animals and crops.
a discovery (n)
powered by In the early 1900’s, farmers began using machines ~ by
gasoline or electricity.
powerful (adj)
a power plant (n) ~s, often called power stations, use coal, nuclear fuel, or
oil to produce electricity.
a ~ produces
electric power
an invention (n) Computers, lasers, plastics, refrigerators, and television
are only a few of the ~s that have transformed human
life in our century.
an inventor (n)
inventive (adj)
a discovery (n)
an antibiotic (n) ~s and other new drugs have helped control most
infectious diseases.
a drug / medicine
(AE) (BE)
an advance in (n) As a result of ~s in agricultural technology, one U.S.
farmer today produces enough food for 101 people.
progress (n)
an assembly line (n) ~s depend on division of labour, in which small portions
of a job are divided among different workers.
a conveyor belt (n)
manufacturing (n) Similar developments have occurred in ~, mining, and
other industries.
manufacture sth (v)
productivity (n) Technological developments have made it possible to
produce the same amount of goods and services with
less labour and have thus greatly increased ~.
productive (adj)
benefit sb (v) The advance of technology has ~ted people in numerous
ways.
= profit from sth (v)
life expectancy (n)
infant mortality (n)
Above all, technology has raised ~ in industrial
countries to about 75 years, mainly by reducing ~
through sanitation and immunisation and better health
care and nutrition.
the average ~
repetitive (adj) ~, low-skill jobs can be boring for people to do for long
periods of time.
monotonous (adj)
automated (adj) ~ machinery is well suited to these routine tasks, such as
assembling and packaging manufactured products.
be on autopilot
a robot Nowadays automobiles are painted by ~s using spray
paint that would be harmful to people.
a robotics firm
anticipate sth (v) On the other hand, many of the problems caused by
technology have not been ~d.
expect sth (v)
a side-effect (n) Once a new technology has been introduced on a wide
scale, people often find that it has some unexpected ~s.
pollution (n)
a pollutant (n)
Most industrial countries face problems of air, water,
soil, and noise ~.
E.g., power plants that burn oil or other fuels to generate
electricity add millions of tons of ~s to the air annually.
pollute sth (v)
natural resources (n) Also, car production uses up iron and other ~.
a breakthrough (n) ~s in nuclear research, for instance, have led to the
development of powerful weapons of mass destruction.
a major ~
a challenge (n) One of the greatest ~s today is to spread technology’s
benefits to the people of developing countries.
challenge sb (v)
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