economy Flashcards
a possession (n) the owner (n)
Unfortunately, they lost all their ~s in a fire.
- the original / present / former ~
.= property (n) /
belongings (n)
property (n) When she died she left all her ~ to her nephew in
Bavaria.private / public /
stolen ~
the standard of living
(n)
= a realtor (US)
The last fifty years have seen an unprecedented increase
in the ~ in Western Europe.
an estate agent (n)
An ~ works for a company buying and selling real
estate, i.e. houses and land
.= property (n) /
Auctions occasionally offer high-quality products at ~
prices.
be able to afford sth
the poverty line (n) According to recent statistics, more than 20% of
American families live below the ~.
poverty (n)
poor (adj)
wealth (n) The discovery of oil brought great ~ to the formerly
poor area.
wealthy (adj)
= rich
a currency (n) A lot of the food produced in Mexico is exported in
order to earn hard ~.
a single European ~
exchange rate (n) What is the current ~ rate between the dollar and the
euro?
a stockbroker (n) A ~ is a person whose job it is to buy and sell stocks or
shares to investors.
NYSE (New York
Stock Exchange)
a shareholder (n)
outsourcing (n)
The ~s of a company are all the people or organisations
owning some of its shares.
Many shareholders support ~ to low-cost countries in
order to increase profits.
a share index
(e.g. Dow-Jones Index)
supply and demand (n) One of the basic assumptions in economics is that free
markets will produce a balance between ~.
a supplier (n)
a trade deficit (n) With imports steadily increasing, America’s ~ has
increased for several years.
↔ a trade surplus (n)
a current account (n) We regret to inform you that your ~ has been
overdrawn by $2,000.
a bank account (n)
a savings account
withdraw sth (v)
I would like to ~ $200 from my savings account,
please.
be in the red
a loan (n) The government wants to make it easier for small
businesses to receive bank ~s (= a credit)
a ~ shark (n)
borrow money
interest (n) If you pay your money into a savings account, you’ll
just get 3% ~ on it.
lower / raise ~ rates
owe (sb money) (v) If you ~ somebody money, you are under an obligation
to repay for something you have received.
She still ~s me $ 5.
debt (n) She borrowed a considerable sum of money several
years ago and she is still paying off her ~.
be in ~
broke (adj) Could you do me a favour and lend me some money,
please? - I’m afraid I can’t. I’m ~ myself.
= penniless (adj)
a pay increase (n) The staff of the company have received an annual ~ of
$200 over the last few years.
sb’s salary / income
a tax (n) ~ is the percentage of your income you have to pay to
the government in return for public services.
income ~ (n)
value added ~ (n)
a bill (n) It’s high time for us to pay our heating and electricity ~. a $20 bill (n)
(= banknote)
a tip (n) Service wasn’t included in the bill so we left a generous
~ for the waitress.
the ~ of your
tongue
a coin (n) He gave me my change in 10 and 50 pence ~s.
a wallet (n) You should always carry your ~ in an inside pocket of
your jacket.
= a purse (n)
1
a bargain (n)
The latest edition of a monolingual dictionary for just
$ 5 – that’s a real ~.
a ~ hunter (n)
the rental (of sth) (n
acquire sth (v)
Our company has ~d new office space in the City,
London’s financial centre.
an acquisition (n)
)
a competitor (n) Unfortunately, their main ~s have developed products
that are superior to their own models.
competition (n)
compete with (v)
a merger (n) The ~ between Daimler and Chrysler gave rise to the
largest company in Germany.
merge (v: with sb)
hire sb (v)
an employer (n)
an employee (n)
They ~d a dozen workers in order to renovate their
house.
~s have stressed their unwillingness to raise wages.
As the ~s in this shop are very helpful, I always do my
shopping there.
= employ sb (v)
= boss / manager
= the staff (n)
dismiss sb (v)
(make sb) redundant
(adj)
He was ~ed for stealing money from a co-worker.
The management of the company is planning to make
further staff ~.
= fire sb = sack sb (v)
redundancies (n)
resign (v) When she won in the lottery, she ~ed from her job
immediately.
= give notice
the terms of a contract
(n)
Make sure you have read and completely understood all
the terms of the ~ prior to signing it.
sign a contract
unemployment (n)
unemployment
benefits (n)
National ~ figures have fallen for the sixth consecutive
month.
The number of people on the dole, i.e. receiving ~, has
declined.
rate of ~ (n)
unemployed (adj)
a vacancy
(n; pl: vacancies)
Due to increased orders, our company has several ~s
for qualified staff with word-processing experience.
= a job or position that
is available
a job centre (n) /
employment agency
The government has created a network of regional ~s
where experts give advice on vacancies and career
opportunities.
a careers adviser (n)
a trade union (n) A ~ is an organisation that tries to protect the rights of
the labour force.
the labour
movement
wage negotiations (n) Representatives of trade unions and employers met in
Cardiff yesterday for a first round of ~.
= salary = income (n)
negotiate (v)
a labour dispute (n) The car industry is facing a lengthy ~ over higher
wages and shorter working hours.
go on strike (n)
(work) overtime (adv) Demand for the company’s products was so high that all
employees had to work ~.
~ earnings (n)
skilled (labour)
(adj)
Technological innovation has led to an increasing
demand for ~ labour.
↔ unskilled workers
indispensable (adj) In today’s economy, computer specialists have become
~ for almost every company.
= one cannot do
without them
promotion (n) Although he has applied for ~ four times already, he
has still got his old job.
be promoted
retirement (n) She only works half-time since she is already
approaching ~.
the age of ~ (n)
retire from (v)
an incentive (n) The government has promised to introduce further ~s,
e.g. tax breaks, for setting up one’s own business.
receive subsidies
economic growth (n) Wall Street and other global financial markets have
reacted nervously as ~ in the US has slowed down for
the first time in four years.
= economic expansion
economic recovery
a recession (n) A ~ in the US would be bad news, especially for the
export-oriented German industry.
= an economic decline
a consumer society (n) In today’s ~, almost everybody can afford to go on a
holiday abroad.
consume sth (v)
consumption (of: n)
(make) a fortune (n) Like many other clever investors, he made a ~ on the
stock exchange two years ago.
= become wealthy
turnover (n) Many e-commerce companies are still struggling with
low ~s and a lack of profitability.
= total amount of
goods or services sold
evaluate sth (v) His bank will ~ the current worth of his company
before extending its line of credit.
an evaluation (n)
nationalisation (n) ~, i.e. state ownership and control of major industries,
has proved to be a fatal mistake for many countries in
Eastern Europe.
nationalise
(a company)
↔ privatise sth (v)
2
Les économies ont des hauts et des bas
Economies have peaks and troughs
Les perspectives économiques sont sombres
The economic outlook is bleak
Les clignotants eco sont au rouges
Economic indicators have turned red
Faire redémarrer l’eco
To get the eco going again
Être en déficit
To be in deficit
Surmonter une crise
To weather a crisis
Être renvoyé
To be fired
