Science And Relgion Are Belief Systems Flashcards
Popper- science is open belief systems
Accepts critical opinions By testing others in comparison to religion which would consider as blasphemy.
Deductive approach – do you research to back up reasoning for accurate hypothesis.
Falsification approach – scientist disprove theory by looking into evidence against it.
E.g. popper and black swan Theory- Need one Blackswan to falsify this belief that they don’t exist.
A03 = Issue with falsification as nothing classified as facts if constantly in motion of being disproved/science can’t be falsified/Scientist lack of money and time to falsified information so may take long to get accurate conclusion
Merton - science open belief system and religion closed
Science can only thrive if it receives support from other institutions and different value for example Protestant Reformation and puritans believed that the study of nature allow them to appreciate gods work therefore encouraged Experimentation of other things to be acceptable.
CUDOS= Communism/universalism/disinterestedness/Organised scepticism.
A03- Science isn’t value free/influenced by money and personal beliefs = not always objective and often isn’t shared across the world
Woolgar- Science a social construct and open belief system
Nothing is factual/criteria for something classified as scientific fact different for different cultures. Not always enough evidence so people don’t believe.
Science is a belief system – persuaded to believe in it and as a social construct peter Berger supports this As what we believe is shaped by our interaction and experience with others Therefore science open belief as beliefs will change and adapt to societies needs.
A03- Post-modernists say science is fabricated fact and there is no absolute truth
Evan Pritchard - Azande witchcraft Closed belief system but classified as science by the group
No one in this culture criticised concept of witchcraft – convinced the cause of occurrence of unusual events.
Eg Azande culture baby had conjunctivas in rye treated but came back mother at fault asked forgiveness and it went.
Don’t believe in coincidence/chance. Issues solved by talking those responsible witchcraft/widely believed
Closed belief system/don’t accept critical opinions/unable to challenge their own belief system created bad backlash from within the culture.
A03- argue against as Science been treated as fact creates conflict and inequality as well as environmental issues e.g. inequality presented with eugenics from Nazis favouring Aryan stereotype seen more superior
