science Flashcards

1
Q

anything that orbits the sun is part of it

A

solar system

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2
Q

in what year did the IAU come up with the classification of bodies not moons and planets in our solar system

A

2006

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3
Q

bodies that are remnants from the formation of the solar system and contains hydrogen and helium

A

comets

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4
Q

comets orbit the sun and have?

A

visible atmosphere(coma)

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5
Q

name parts of a comet

A
  • ion tail
  • trail of dust
  • nucleaus
  • coma
  • hydrogen envelope
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6
Q

means long haired

A

dust tail kometes

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7
Q

vapor cloud surroding the nucleus

A

coma

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8
Q

trails of plasma

A

ion tail

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9
Q

named after dutch astronomer gerard kuiper and is a donut shaped region of icy bodies which is home to pluto and arrokoth

A

kuiper belt

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10
Q

parts left over from the formation of the solar system

A

kuiper belt

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11
Q

big thick bubble around our solar system name after dutch astronomer hendrik oort

flat plane

A

oort belt

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12
Q

famous comet because it marks the first time astronomers understood comets

A

halley’s comet

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13
Q

remnants of dust from comets and asteroids and glows bright when friction

A

meteoroids

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14
Q

tail formed by burning in the atmosphere

A

falling star or meteorites

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15
Q

celestial event where a number of meteors can be seen

A

meteor shower

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16
Q

beautiful peaks during october and has hailey’s comet

A

orionid meteor shower

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17
Q

best meteor shower peaks mid august, comet swift turtle

A

perseid meteor shower

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18
Q

solid piece of debris

A

meteorites

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19
Q

most common type of meteorite

A

stony

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20
Q

equally proportioned to be stony and iron

A

stony iron

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21
Q

composed of iron and nickel, dense

A

iron

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22
Q

smal rocky heavenly bodies located between mars and jupiter

A

asteroid or planetoids

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23
Q

largest object in the asteroid belt

A

dwarf planet ceres

24
Q

first member of the asteroid belt when Giuseppe Piazzi spotted it in 1801

25
all things are made of earth,fire,water,air
primal matter
26
believed water was matter because it was everywhere
thales
27
believed fire was matter beacaused it chnged the world
heraclitus
28
believed aiir,earth,water and fire were matter
aristotle
29
teacher and student who proposed that all things are made of atoms that are indivisible
democritus and leucipus | leucipus is the teacher*
30
greek word meaning indivisible
atomos
31
void where particles move
kenon
32
democritus' idea matter is made up of indivisible particles and have space between them
discontinuous
33
aristotle's idea of matter indefinitely divisible into smaller pieces and there ae no empty space between particles
continuous
34
# atleast 2 name the principles of particle nature
1. matter is made up of discrete particles 2. there is empty space between 3. particles are in constant motion 4. forces act between particles
35
explains that all particles are in constant motion
kinetic molecular theory of matter
36
particles in motion have?
kinetic energy
37
transfer of energy when particles collide and these collisions are?
elastic
38
attractive forces that hold particles together
intramolecular forces
39
forces of attraction
intermolecular forces
40
developed a theory to explain why elements in a compund always join in the same way
john dalton
41
all matter are made up are made up of atoms that cannot be divided
dalton's theory
42
more temperature means
more kinetic energy
43
ultracold atoms could exist
einstein
44
indian physicist that works on statistical mechanics which impressed einstein
datyendra nath bose
45
atoms confined in gas act together like a single particle in a temperature close tozero
bose-einstein statistic
46
created bose einstein condensate in 1995 using lasers in a vacuum "special cryogenic techniques
eric cornell,carl wiman and wolfgang ketterle
47
discovered by sir willim crookes in 1879 via ionization
plasma
48
adds energy to gas so that electrons leave the atoms
ionization
49
mix of + and - electrons
plasma
50
# what is this? has a fixed shape and a fixed volume. cannot be compressed. s have a high density. 4) Force of attraction between the particles is very strong. 5) The space between the particles is negligible.
solid
51
has a fixed volume but no fixed shape. can be slightly compressed. large pressure is required to compress them. have lesser densities than solids. Intermolecular forces of attraction is weaker than solids. They have considerable space between the particles.
liquid
52
have neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume. can be compressed easily have the least density among the three. Intermolecular forces of attraction are weakest. The space between the gas particles is large.
gas
53
Classifications of matter
Compounds Mixtures Elements
54
Believed air was matter
Anaximendes
55
Compsed of a single atom
Element