SCI Levels

Question 1

C1-3 muscles innervated

Answer 1

SCM, cervical paraspinal, neck accessories

Question 2

C1-3 movements possible

Answer 2

neck flexion, extension, rotation

Question 3

C1-3 patterns of weakness

Answer 3

total paralysis of trunk, upper extremities, lower extremities, dependent on ventilator

Question 4

T/F C1-C3 SCI will not be able to use a power wheelchair

Answer 4

F. they will be independent with the correct equipment

Question 5

C4 muscles innervated

Answer 5

upper traps, diaphragm, cervical paraspinals

Question 6

C4 movements possible

Answer 6

neck flexion, extension, rotation, scapular elevation, inspiration

Question 7

C4 patterns of weakness

Answer 7

paralysis of trunk, upper extremities, lower extremities, inability to cough, endurance and respiratory reserve low secondary to paralysis of intercostals

Question 8

T/F C4 must use a ventilator

Answer 8

F may be able to breathe without a vent

Question 9

C5 muscles innervated

Answer 9

deltoid, biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis, rhomboids, serratus anterior (partially innervated)

Question 10

C5 movement possible

Answer 10

shoulder flexion, abduction, and extension, elbow flexion and supination, scapular adduction and abduction

Question 11

C5 patterns of weakness

Answer 11

absence of elbow extension, pronation, all wrist and hand movement; total paralysis of trunk and lower extremities

Question 12

C5 expected functional outcomes for respiratory

Answer 12

low endurance and vital capacity secondary to paralysis of intercostals; may require assist to clear secretions

Question 13

C6 muscles innervated

Answer 13

clavicular pectoralis supinator, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi

Question 14

C6 movements possible

Answer 14

scapular protractor, some horizontal adduction, forearm supination, radial wrist extension

Question 15

C6 patterns of weakness

Answer 15

absence of wrist flexion, elbow extension, hand movement, total paralysis of trunk and lower extremities

Question 16

C7-8 muscles innervated

Answer 16

latissimus dorsi, sternal pectoralis, triceps, pronator quadratus, extensor carpi ulnaris, flexor carip radialis, flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis, extensor communis, pronator/flexor/extensor/abductor pollicis, lumbricals (partially)

Question 17

C7-8 movement possible

Answer 17

elbow extension, ulnar/wrist extension, wrist flexion, finger flexions and extensions, thumb flexion/extension/abduction

Question 18

C7-8 patterns of weakness

Answer 18

paralysis of trunk and lower extremities; limited grasp release and dexterity secondary to partial intrinsic mm of the hand