SCI

Question 1

What is a spinal cord injury?

Name some of the common causes

Answer 1

The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that carry impulses to and from the brain and then to the rest of the body. Damage to bones surrounding the spinal column can lead to damage of the spinal cord. Common causes include motor vehicle crashes, sports injuries, work related injuries, violence.

Question 2

What is paraplegia?

Answer 2

Impairment or loss of motor and/or sensory function in the thoracic, lumbar or sacral segments of the spine. Arm function is spared.

Question 3

Difference between a complete and partial injury

Answer 3

Complete is when there us an absence if sensory and motor function in the lowest sacral segment

Question 4

What is an upper motor neurone injury?

Answer 4

Most lesions above T12
Loss of integrated cerebral control of reflex activity below the level of injury
Sacral cord and reflex arc are intact

VERTEBRAL LEVEL IS SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT TO THE LEVEL OF DAMAGE

Question 5

Treatment aims

Answer 5

Maintain or improve muscle strength and ROM
Maximise respiratory function
Prevent complications
Facilitate functional independence appropriate to the level of injury I.e. full independence with wheelchair, maintain upper limb strength, maintain or increase CV fitness, transfers
Prevent contractures, pressure sores
Facilitate integration into the community
Provide patient family and caregivers with info and support