SCI 01 Energy Resources

Question 1

-A nonrenewable energy source derived from remains of prehistoric plants and animals
-Died millions of years ago
-Buried under the right conditions to form fossils

Answer 1

FOSSIL FUELS

Question 2

-A black combustible rock made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.
-They are formed from the remains of plants that once grew in swamps and adjacent forests m.y.a.
-Continuous burial and compaction transforms decaying vegetation into PEAT. (<25% Carbon; buried 4-10km deep)

Answer 2

-Coal

Question 3

-Is a soft, dark-brown, low-rank coal with 35% Carbon

Answer 3

-Lignite

Question 4

-At higher temperatures, lignite becomes this type of coal with 70% Carbon.

Answer 4

-Bituminous Coal

Question 5

• When temperature continues to rise, the bituminous coal is transformed into shiny, black, high-rank
  -With 95% Carbon.
  The amount of energy released when coal is burned is directly proportional to the amount of carbon within the coal.

Answer 5

-Anthracite Coal

Question 6

-It is a naturally occurring liquid composed of complex hydrocarbons and is found in geological formations underneath Earth’s surface.

Answer 6

PETORLEUM and NATURAL GAS

Question 7

-Derived from large quantities of microscopic aquatic organisms such as algae and planktons.
-These remains settled at the bottom, buried beneath fine sediments and with anoxic conditions.

Answer 7

-Kerogen

Question 8

-The process of converting kerogens to hydrocarbons

Answer 8

-Catagenisis

Question 9

-Petroleum forms within a specific depth, pressure and temperature range.
-Below this temp, range (50-150℃), kerogen is NOT transformed into hydrocarbons.

Answer 9

> Oil Window

Question 10

-Beyond the oil window, oil is converted into a natural gas in a process
-Natural gas is a hydrocarbon mostly made up of methane.
-It is lighter than air and is highly flammable.

Answer 10

-Thermal Cracking

Question 11

-A nonrenewable energy source derived from the heat energy created from both nuclear fission and fusion

Answer 11

NUCLEAR ENERGY

Question 12

-The splitting of atoms
-The creates energy

Answer 12

Fission

Question 13

-Two atoms to form a larger one

Answer 13

Fusion

Question 14

-A renewable energy source utilizing the Earth’s internal heat

Answer 14

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Question 15

-Is Earth’s energy contribution.

Answer 15

Heat

Question 16

-During its formation
-Contribution to Earth’s energy

Answer 16

Planetary accretion

Question 17

-Heavy materials sinking to the core
-Contribution to Earth’s energy

Answer 17

Frictional heating

Question 18

-Natural nuclear fission
-Contribution to Earth’s energy

Answer 18

Radioactive decay

Question 19

-A renewable energy source
-It is the power generated by the energy from falling water or fast running water

Answer 19

HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Question 20

-A renewable energy source
-Wind is the movement of the air caused by the differences in atmospheric pressure

Answer 20

WIND ENERGY

Question 21

-A renewable energy source from the sun
-The amount of solar energy Earth receives in every hour
-Is more than enough energy to satisfy global energy needs for a year
-Uses PHOTONS

Answer 21

SOLAR ENERGY

Question 22

-Is considered as the oldest source of energy
-Is defined as biological material derived from living or recently deceased organisms
-Which may include both plant life, including fuel, wood, animal dung, and agricultural wastes

Answer 22

BIOMASS ENERGY

Question 23

-From sugars and starches

Answer 23

-BIOETHANOL

Question 24

-Vegetable oils and animal fats

Answer 24

-BIODIESEL

Question 25

What contributes to Solar Energy?

Answer 25

Photons

Question 26

What is important when knowing where to place wind turbines for Wind Energy

Answer 26

-Latitude
-Elevation
-Proximity to coastlines

Question 27

What does a generator do

Answer 27

To convert and store energy

Question 28

What does a transformer do

Answer 28

To distribute energy