SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

believed that the chief purpose of psychology was to describe, analyze and explain conscious experience, particularly feelings and sensations. believed in the importance of the structure of the mind

Answer 1

STRUCTURALISM

Question 2

retract the idea of structuralism
- importance of “function of the mind”
- importance of functional adjustment of an organism to his environment

Answer 2

FUNCTIONALISM

Question 3

• believed that observable behavior, not inner experience, was the only reliable source of information
  stressed the importance of the environment in shaping an individual’s behavior
  -chiefly looked for connections between observable behavior and stimuli from the environment

Answer 3

BEHAVIORISM

Question 4

means “to Configure” or to form or pattern”

Answer 4

GESTALT

Question 5

believed that human beings and other animals perceive the external world as an organized pattern.

“The whole is greater than the sum of its part”

Tend to look at the whole instead of looking at the parts
Believe to look at the whole thing (especially when treating patients, instead of just looking at specific instances)

Answer 5

GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY

Question 6

behavior is determined by powerful inner forces, most of which are buried in the unconscious mind.
- from early childhood, people repress (force out of conscious awareness) any desires or needs that
are unacceptable to themselves or to society
- Repressed feelings can cause personality disturbances, self-destructive behavior, or even physical
symptoms

Answer 6

PSYCHOANALYSIS

Question 7

is a theoretical perspective that focuses on the realms of human perception, thought and memory.

Answer 7

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

Question 8

according to him, students learn better when they can invent knowledge through inquiry and experimentation instead of acquiring facts presented by a teacher in class

Answer 8

JEAN PIAGET

Question 9

emphasized the role of social interactions in knowledge construction.

Answer 9

LEV VYGOTSKY

Question 10

believe in both free will and the uniqueness of the individual. Individual behaviors are not seen as evil or good, but neutral, interpreted only by the individual.

Answer 10

EXISTENTIALIST PSYCHOLOGY

Question 11

believed that an individual’s behavior is primarily determined by his perception of the world around him; individuals are not solely the product of their environment; and individuals are internally directed and motivated to fulfill their human potential

Answer 11

HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY