Schmidtz

Question 1

Original appropriation

Answer 1

The act of acquiring previously unowned resources through productive use or labor, often associated with John Locke’s philosophy

Question 2

Lockean Proviso

Answer 2

Refers to the principle that original appropriation of resources is permissible as long as “enough and as good” remains for others and future generations

Question 3

Private property

Answer 3

Ownership and control of resources by individuals or non-governmental entities, typically protected by legal rights and regulations

Question 4

Commons

Answer 4

Shared resources accessible to the public or a group, often subject to the risk of overuse or depletion known as the “tragedy of the commons.”

Question 5

Common property

Answer 5

Property held collectively by a group or community, with shared rights and responsibilities.

Question 6

Public property

Answer 6

Resources or assets owned and managed by a government entity on behalf of the public.

Question 7

Institutional analysis

Answer 7

The study and evaluation of social, legal, and economic institutions that govern property rights, resource allocation, and governance

Question 8

Resource management

Answer 8

Practices and policies for sustainable use, conservation, and allocation of natural or human-made resources

Question 9

Usufructuary

Answer 9

Pertaining to the right to use and derive benefits from property or resources without owning them outright

Question 10

Externalities

Answer 10

Effects of actions or decisions that impact third parties not directly involved in the action, such as environmental pollution or economic spillover effects

Question 11

Tragedy of the commons

Answer 11

Concept describing the degradation or depletion of shared resources due to individual self-interest overriding collective well-being

Question 12

Exclusive control

Answer 12

The ability of property owners to exclude others from using or benefiting from their property

Question 13

Customary law

Answer 13

Informal norms, traditions, and practices that guide behavior and property rights within a community

Question 14

Commerce

Answer 14

Economic activities involving the exchange of goods, services, or resources, often facilitated by property rights and legal frameworks

Question 15

Open access

Answer 15

The principle of providing unrestricted or minimally restricted access to resources, services, or opportunities

Question 16

Maximum access

Answer 16

Ensuring the highest level of availability and opportunity for accessing resources or services.

Question 17

Intellectual property

Answer 17

Legal rights protecting creations of the mind, such as inventions, artistic works, and trademarks, through patents, copyrights, and trademarks

Question 18

Patent system

Answer 18

Legal framework granting exclusive rights to inventors or creators of new technologies or innovations for a limited period

Question 19

Copyright:

Answer 19

Legal protection of literary, artistic, or creative works, preventing unauthorized copying or distribution.

Question 20

Regulation

Answer 20

Governmental or institutional rules, standards, and policies governing behavior, practices, or industries related to property ownership, resource use, and economic activities

Question 21

types of property institutions

Answer 21

1. private: exclusive rights to individual
2. public: owned by society/government (parks, etc)
3. communal: resources that are owned by a small group (communal agreements)

Question 22

how does Schmidtz argue for private property?

Answer 22

private property gives individuals an incentive to manage resources efficiently

Question 23

what does private property prevent?

Answer 23

tragedy of the commons: shared resources are depleted due to lack of individual responsibility

Question 24

how is private property seen as a mechanism