Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychiatry > schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders > Flashcards

schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

mental disorder in which the thoughts, affectiv response, ability to recognize reality, and ability to communicate and relate to tohers are sufficiencyly impaired to interfere grossly with the capacity to deal with reality; the classical characteristics are impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illlusions

A

what is a psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

schizophrenia spectrum disorders include:

schizophrenia

other psychotic disorders

schizotypal (personality disorders)

catatonia

brief psychotic disorder

schizophreniform disorder

substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder

psychotic disorder due to another medical condition

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are 4 positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

delusions

hallucinations

disorganized thinking

grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior(inculding catatonia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?(4)

A

diminished emotional expression

avolition (decreased in motivated and self-initiated purposeful activity)

alogia(diminished speech output)

anhedonia(diminished ability to experience pleasure)

asociality (lack on interest in social interactions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

________are psychotic behaviors not seen in healthy people such as delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking and speech

ppl with _____often lose touch with reality.

tehse symptoms come and go.

sometimes the yare severe and other times hardly noticeable depending on whether the individual is receviving treatment

A

positive sympotms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

can be mistaken for depression

flat affect (a perosn’s face does not move or he or she talks in a dull monotonous voice)

lack of pleasure in everyday life

lack of ability to being and sustain planned activities

speaking little, even when forced to interact

**need help with everyday tasks b/c ppl with these symtpoms neglect personal hygeine **

A

negative symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

for how long must a schizophrenic pt have been sick to diagnose pt with schizophrenia?

A

6 months or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a generic term for a state in which reality testing is impaired ?

A

psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which disorders are characterized by delusions or hallucinations and varying degrees of disorganized though, speech, behavior, and social impairment that affect the patient’s ability to meet the ordinary demands of life

A

psychotic disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the cardinal symptoms of psychosis (2)

A

hallucinations - internally generated perceptions

delusions - fixed false beliefs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_________ the is MC psychotic disorder and affects ______% of world’s pop

A

schizophrenia; 1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

t/f. both genders are equally affected in schizophrenia, but the disorder tends to present earlier in life in males

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

schizophrenia is usually _______with periods of remssion and exacerbation

A

chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

t/f. persons with schinzoprhenia have a reduced life expectancy of about 1 decaede and often suffer from comorbid problems, including substane use, tobacco use, difficulity accessing primary care, and obstacles to manage chronic health conditions that likely contribute to early mortality

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

death by sucicide occurs in _______% of cases in schizophrenia

A

10-15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

three groups of schizophrenia symptoms?

A

positive

negative cognitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

delusions

hallucinations

though disorder

movement abnormality

are all what type of schizophrenia symptoms?

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are false bellifest that are not changed by reason or evidence that contorvert them?

A

delusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the most common type of hallucinations in schizophrenia?

A

auditory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

characterized by loose associations (derailment) where ideas are strung together in a random, convoluted manner such that listenr cannot understand or make sense of the person’s converation

A

thought disorder in schizophrenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the disorder in which schizophrenia symptoms last less than 6 months?

A

schizophreniform disorder

22
Q

loss of meaning due to random connections/loose associatins between ideas

A

derailment

23
Q

response to questions are only partially or remotely connected to the topic

A

tangential

24
Q

excessively detailed or circuitous speech, yet still responsive to questions

A

circumstantial

25
Q

creation of words with unique meaning understood only by the individual

A

neologism

26
Q

losing track of the goal of speech and not being able to return to the topic

A

blocking

27
Q

complete disregard for conventions of word useage or grammar, incoherence

A

word salad

28
Q

the sounds of words, instead of the meanings or conventions of speech, determine the flow of speech

A

clanging

29
Q

repetition of words or phrases

A

perseveration

30
Q

what are the three phases of schizophrenia?

A

prodromal

active

residual

31
Q

gradual change in behavior that may appear as personality or mood change (aloofness, preoccupation, moodiness, oddities of though or behavior) lasting weeks to months

A

prodromal

32
Q

classic findings of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking and behavior. may include agitation, sleeplessness, and dangerous behaviors

A

active phase of schizo

33
Q

continuing oddities of thinking and behavior, often with prominent negative and cognitive symptoms. delusions or hallucinations are typically absent

A

residual

34
Q

what are apects of normal function that schizophrenia impairs?

A

negative symptoms

35
Q

include: disturbances of affect or emotional tone (flat, blunted or labile affect), poverty of speech(alogia), inability to experience pleasure(anhedonia), lack of motivation (avolition), and social withdrawal (asociality)

A

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

36
Q

congintive symptoms in schizophrenia.

name 2

A

impaired focus and attention

deficits in working memory

37
Q

what is the natural history of schizophrenia? 3 phases

A

prodomal

active

residual

38
Q

what are the two criteria that must be met to make the active diagnosis of schizophrenia?

A
  1. an active phase with prominent psychotic symptoms lasting > 1 month, unless symptoms are interrupted by effective treatment
  2. t**otal duration of symptoms, regardless of phase of >6 months **
39
Q

major neuroanatomical changes have been observed repeatedly in some or most _____. these include

  1. decreased blood flow to the frontal lobes
  2. thinning of the medial temporal lobe cortex
  3. the frontal cortex
  4. small anterior portions of the hippocampus
  5. enlarged lateral and 3rd cerebral ventricles
A

changes in schizophrenic brains

40
Q

drugs that relieve positive schizophrenia symptoms all do what?

A

block the dopamine D2 receptor

41
Q

what is the dopamine hypothesis in schizophrenia?

A

increased activity of dopamine in subcortical mesolimbic brain regions produces positive symptoms, while hypofunction or alterations of DA na other neutrotransmitters in the PFC correspond to negative symptoms

42
Q

ppl with this disorder have all the cardinal manifestations of schizophrenia, but recover in less than 6 months

A

schizophreniform disorder

43
Q

major depression or mania co-occur w/psychotic symptoms characteristic of schizophrenia

psychotic symptoms persist during periods when the mood symptoms are absent for >2 weeks

acut tx = combo of antipsychotic meds + antidepressant or mood stabilizer

A

schizoaffective disorder

44
Q

present with an isolated non-bizzare delusion of a persecutory, jealous, somatic, or grandiose type. organization of thought, personality, and social functioning remain relatively unaffected

A

delusional disorder

45
Q

transient psychosis that develops suddenly, usually after a highly stressful life event. it remits rapidly with minimum intervention, and does not typically develop a pattern of recurrence

A

brief psychotic disorder

46
Q

(decreased in motivated and self-initiated purposeful activity)

(diminished speech output)

(diminished ability to experience pleasure)

(lack on interest in social interactions)

A

avolition (decreased in motivated and self-initiated purposeful activity)

alogia(diminished speech output)

anhedonia(diminished ability to experience pleasure)

asociality (lack on interest in social interactions)

47
Q

what is a persistent, prominent delusion and/or hallucination that developedduring or soon after a substance intoxication or withdrawal, or after expsoure to a meication that is capable of producing these symptoms:

NOT THE SAME AS DELIRIUM!!

Important caveat: the condition would not be better explained by a pre-existing psychotic disorder

A

substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder

48
Q

evidence from the history, physcial, and labs that the psychosis is due to the phsysiological effects of a medical condition, did not precede the onset of the medical condition, and does not exclusively occur during a delirium.

EX: malingant lung neoplasm, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, hypothyroidism

A

pscychotic condition due to another medication condition

49
Q

what is a severe pscyhomotor disturbance; may be associated with many different disorders, including schizophrenia, depressive stupor, and a variety of other medical conditions

NOTE: CAN BE LIFE threatening

A

catatonia

50
Q

characterized by altered mental status, lasting hours to days.

potentially life threatening.

A

delirium

Psychiatry (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions