Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Question 1

Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of
these must be (1), (2), or (3):
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence)
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. Negative symptoms (i.e., diminished emotional expression or avolition)

Answer 1

Schizophrenia

Question 2

• Belief that one is going to be harmed, harassed, and so forth
  by an individual, organization, or other group
• Most common.
• common delusion in people that others are “out to get them”

Answer 2

Persecutory
delusions/ Delusions of persecution

Question 3

Belief that certain gestures, comments,
environmental cues, and so forth are directed at oneself

Answer 3

Referential delusions

Question 4

• When an individual believes that he or she has
  exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame
• Mistaken belief that the person is famous
  or powerful

Answer 4

Delusion of grandeur/ Grandiose delusions

Question 5

When
an individual believes falsely that another person is in love with him or her

Answer 5

Erotomanic delusions

Question 6

Conviction that a major
catastrophe will occur

Answer 6

Nihilistic delusions

Question 7

Focus on preoccupations
regarding health and organ function.

Answer 7

Somatic delusions

Question 8

Belief that one’s thoughts have been “removed” by some outside
force

Answer 8

Thought withdrawal

Question 9

Belief that allien thoughts have been put into one’s
mind

Answer 9

Thought insertion

Question 10

Belief that one’s body or actions are being acted on or
manipulated by some outside force

Answer 10

Delusions of control

Question 11

• Perception-like experiences that occur without an
  external stimulus.
• Experience of sensory events
  without any input from the surrounding environment

Answer 11

Hallucination

Question 12

Hallucinations that occur while falling asleep

Answer 12

Hypnagogic

Question 13

Hallucinations that occur while waking up

Answer 13

Hypnopompic

Question 14

Formal thought disorder that is typically inferred from
the individual’s speech.

Answer 14

Disorganized thinking

Question 15

Another term for Disorganized Thinking

Answer 15

Formal thought disorder

Question 16

Individual may switch from one topic to
another

Answer 16

Derailment or loose associations

Question 17

• Individual’s answers to questions may be
  obliquely related or completely unrelated
• Going off on a tangent instead of answering a specific question

Answer 17

Tangentiality

Question 18

Speech
may be so severely disorganized that it is nearly incomprehensible and
resembles receptive aphasia in its linguistic disorganization

Answer 18

Incoherence or
“word salad”

Question 19

Speaking in tongues

Answer 19

Glossolalia

Question 20

Trance states in which personal
identity is replaced by an external possessing identity

Answer 20

Possession trance

Question 21

Marked decrease in reactivity to the
environment.

Answer 21

Catatonic behavior

Question 22

Catatonic behaviour which ranges from resistance to instructions

Answer 22

Negativism

Question 23

Complete lack of
verbal and motor responses

Answer 23

Mutism and stupor

Question 24

Excessive motor activity without obvious cause

Answer 24

Catatonic
excitement

Question 25

2 negative symptoms are particularly prominent in schizophrenia

Answer 25

Diminished emotional expression Avolition

Question 26

Includes reductions in the expression of emotions in the face, eye contact, intonation of speech (prosody), and movements of the hand, head, and face that normally give an emotional emphasis to speech

Answer 26

Diminished emotional expression

Question 27

- Decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activities. - Inability to initiate and persist in activities

Answer 27

Avolition

Question 28

- Manifested by diminished speech output. - Relative absence of speech

Answer 28

Alogia

Question 29

- Decreased ability to experience pleasure - Presumed lack of pleasure experienced by some people with schizophrenia.

Answer 29

Anhedonia

Question 30

Refers to the apparent lack of interest in social interactions and may be associated with avolition, but it can also be a manifestation of limited opportunities for social interactions.

Answer 30

Asociality

Question 31

French term meaning loss of mind

Answer 31

émence

Question 32

French term for early premature

Answer 32

précoce

Question 33

Alternating immobility and excited agitation

Answer 33

Catatonia

Question 34

Silly and immature emotionality

Answer 34

Hebephrenia

Question 35

Delusions of grandeur or persecution

Answer 35

Paranoia

Question 36

Most common hallucination

Answer 36

Auditory hallucination

Question 37

- Not normal for an individual to have, but is present - Symptoms around distorted reality - Include the disturbing experiences of delusions and hallucinations.

Answer 37

Positive symptoms

Question 38

- Normal for an individual to have, absent in Schiz - Deficits in normal behavior - Absence or insufficiency of normal behavior.

Answer 38

Negative symptoms

Question 39

Subtype of schizophrenia that Include rambling speech, erratic behavior, and inappropriate affect

Answer 39

Disorganized schizophrenia

Question 40

- Misrepresentation of reality - Basic characteristic of madness

Answer 40

Delusion

Question 41

Person believes someone he or she knows has been replaced by a double

Answer 41

Capgras syndrome

Question 42

Person believes he or she is dead

Answer 42

Cotard’s syndrome

Question 43

Theme of theories that would look at these beliefs as attempts to deal with and relieve anxiety and stress.

Answer 43

Motivational view of delusions

Question 44

Theme of theories that sees these beliefs as resulting from brain dysfunction that creates these disordered cognitions or perceptions.

Answer 44

Deficit view of delusion

Question 45

Avolition is also called?

Answer 45

Apathy

Question 46

Laughing or crying at improper times.

Answer 46

Inappropriate affect

Question 47

People hold unusual postures, as if they were fearful of something terrible happening if they moved

Answer 47

Catatonic immobility

Question 48

Tendency to keep their bodies and limbs in the position they are put in by someone else.

Answer 48

Waxy flexibility

Question 49

3 former subtypes of Schizophrenia

Answer 49

Paranoid Disorganized Catatonic

Question 50

Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3): 1. Delusions. 2. Hallucinations. 3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence). 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. 5. Negative symptoms (i.e., diminished emotional expression or avolition). - Some people experience the symptoms of schizophrenia for a few months only; they can usually resume normal lives

Answer 50

Schizophreniform Disorder

Question 51

An uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a major mood episode (major depressive or manic) concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia. - people who had symptoms of schizophrenia and who exhibited the characteristics of mood disorders - individuals tend not to get better on their own and are likely to continue experiencing major life difficulties for many years.

Answer 51

Schizoaffective Disorder

Question 52

Persistent belief that is contrary to reality, in the absence of other characteristics of schizophrenia. Characterized by at least 1 month of delusions but no other psychotic symptoms.

Answer 52

Delusional disorder

Question 53

5 subtypes of Delusional Disorder

Answer 53

Erotomanic type Grandiose type Jealous type Persecutory type Somatic type

Question 54

Subtype of Delusional Disorder: Central theme of the delusion is that another person is in love with the individual.

Answer 54

Erotomanic type

Question 55

Subtype of Delusional Disorder: Central theme of the delusion is the conviction of having some great talent or insight or of having made some important discovery.

Answer 55

Grandiose type

Question 56

Subtype of Delusional Disorder: Central theme of the delusion is that of an unfaithful partner.

Answer 56

Jealous type

Question 57

Subtype of Delusional Disorder: Central theme of the delusion involves the individual’s belief of being conspired against, cheated, spied on, followed, poisoned, maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of long-term goals

Answer 57

Persecutory type

Question 58

Subtype of Delusional Disorder: Central theme of the delusion involves bodily functions or sensations

Answer 58

Somatic type

Question 59

Condition in which an individual develops delusions simply as a result of a close relationship with a delusional individual.

Answer 59

Shared psychotic disorder (folie à deux)

Question 60

Characterized by the presence of one or more positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech or behavior lasting 1 month or less.

Answer 60

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Question 61

These people may have some of the symptoms of schizophrenia but are aware of the troubling and bizarre nature of these symptoms.

Answer 61

Attenuated psychosis syndrome

Question 62

1- to 2-year period before the serious symptoms occur but when less severe yet unusual behaviors start to show themselves

Answer 62

Prodromal stage

Question 63

Researchers try to find basic processes that contribute to the behaviors or symptoms of the disorder and then find the gene or genes that cause these difficulties

Answer 63

Endophenotyping

Question 64

One of the most enduring yet controversial theories of the cause of schizophrenia involves the neurotransmitter?

Answer 64

Dopamine

Question 65

Used for a time to describe a mother whose cold, dominant, and rejecting nature was thought to cause schizophrenia in her children

Answer 65

Schizophrenogenic mother

Question 66

Used to portray a communication style that produced conflicting messages, which, in turn, caused schizophrenia to develop

Answer 66

Double bind communication