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Abnormal Psychology (2024-2025) > Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of
these must be (1), (2), or (3):
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence)
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. Negative symptoms (i.e., diminished emotional expression or avolition)

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q
  • Belief that one is going to be harmed, harassed, and so forth
    by an individual, organization, or other group
  • Most common.
  • common delusion in people that others are “out to get them”
A

Persecutory
delusions/ Delusions of persecution

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3
Q

Belief that certain gestures, comments,
environmental cues, and so forth are directed at oneself

A

Referential delusions

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4
Q
  • When an individual believes that he or she has
    exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame
  • Mistaken belief that the person is famous
    or powerful
A

Delusion of grandeur/ Grandiose delusions

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5
Q

When
an individual believes falsely that another person is in love with him or her

A

Erotomanic delusions

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6
Q

Conviction that a major
catastrophe will occur

A

Nihilistic delusions

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7
Q

Focus on preoccupations
regarding health and organ function.

A

Somatic delusions

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8
Q

Belief that one’s thoughts have been “removed” by some outside
force

A

Thought withdrawal

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9
Q

Belief that allien thoughts have been put into one’s
mind

A

Thought insertion

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10
Q

Belief that one’s body or actions are being acted on or
manipulated by some outside force

A

Delusions of control

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11
Q
  • Perception-like experiences that occur without an
    external stimulus.
  • Experience of sensory events
    without any input from the surrounding environment
A

Hallucination

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12
Q

Hallucinations that occur while falling asleep

A

Hypnagogic

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13
Q

Hallucinations that occur while waking up

A

Hypnopompic

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14
Q

Formal thought disorder that is typically inferred from
the individual’s speech.

A

Disorganized thinking

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15
Q

Another term for Disorganized Thinking

A

Formal thought disorder

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16
Q

Individual may switch from one topic to
another

A

Derailment or loose associations

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17
Q
  • Individual’s answers to questions may be
    obliquely related or completely unrelated
  • Going off on a tangent instead of answering a specific question
A

Tangentiality

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18
Q

Speech
may be so severely disorganized that it is nearly incomprehensible and
resembles receptive aphasia in its linguistic disorganization

A

Incoherence or
“word salad”

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19
Q

Speaking in tongues

A

Glossolalia

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20
Q

Trance states in which personal
identity is replaced by an external possessing identity

A

Possession trance

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21
Q

Marked decrease in reactivity to the
environment.

A

Catatonic behavior

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22
Q

Catatonic behaviour which ranges from resistance to instructions

A

Negativism

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23
Q

Complete lack of
verbal and motor responses

A

Mutism and stupor

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24
Q

Excessive motor activity without obvious cause

A

Catatonic
excitement

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25
Q

2 negative symptoms are particularly prominent in
schizophrenia

A

Diminished emotional expression

Avolition

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26
Q

Includes reductions in the expression of emotions in
the
face, eye contact, intonation of speech (prosody), and movements of the
hand, head, and face that normally give an emotional emphasis to speech

A

Diminished
emotional expression

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27
Q
  • Decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activities.
  • Inability to initiate and persist in activities
A

Avolition

28
Q
  • Manifested by diminished
    speech output.
  • Relative absence of speech
A

Alogia

29
Q
  • Decreased ability to experience pleasure
  • Presumed lack of pleasure experienced by some people with schizophrenia.
A

Anhedonia

30
Q

Refers to the apparent lack of interest in
social interactions and may be associated with avolition, but it can also be a
manifestation of limited opportunities for social interactions.

A

Asociality

31
Q

French term meaning loss of mind

A

émence

32
Q

French term for early premature

A

précoce

33
Q

Alternating immobility and excited agitation

A

Catatonia

34
Q

Silly and immature emotionality

A

Hebephrenia

35
Q

Delusions of
grandeur or persecution

A

Paranoia

36
Q

Most common hallucination

A

Auditory hallucination

37
Q
  • Not normal for an individual to have, but is present
  • Symptoms around distorted reality
  • Include the disturbing experiences of delusions and hallucinations.
A

Positive symptoms

38
Q
  • Normal for an individual to have, absent in Schiz
  • Deficits in normal behavior
  • Absence or insufficiency of normal behavior.
A

Negative symptoms

39
Q

Subtype of schizophrenia that Include rambling speech, erratic
behavior, and inappropriate affect

A

Disorganized schizophrenia

40
Q
  • Misrepresentation of reality
  • Basic characteristic of madness
A

Delusion

41
Q

Person believes someone he or she knows has been replaced by a double

A

Capgras syndrome

42
Q

Person believes he or she is dead

A

Cotard’s syndrome

43
Q

Theme of theories that would look at these beliefs as attempts to deal
with and relieve anxiety and stress.

A

Motivational view of delusions

44
Q

Theme of theories that sees these beliefs as resulting from brain dysfunction that creates these disordered cognitions or perceptions.

A

Deficit view of delusion

45
Q

Avolition is also called?

A

Apathy

46
Q

Laughing or crying at improper times.

A

Inappropriate affect

47
Q

People hold unusual postures, as if
they were fearful of something terrible happening if they moved

A

Catatonic immobility

48
Q

Tendency to keep their bodies and limbs in the position they are put in by someone else.

A

Waxy flexibility

49
Q

3 former subtypes of Schizophrenia

A

Paranoid
Disorganized
Catatonic

50
Q

Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant
portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully
treated). At least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3):
1. Delusions.
2. Hallucinations.
3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or
incoherence).
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
5. Negative symptoms (i.e., diminished emotional expression
or avolition).

  • Some people experience the symptoms of schizophrenia for a few
    months only; they can usually resume normal lives
A

Schizophreniform Disorder

51
Q

An uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a
major mood episode (major depressive or manic) concurrent
with Criterion A of schizophrenia.

  • people who had symptoms of schizophrenia and who exhibited the characteristics of mood disorders
  • individuals tend not to get better on their own and are likely to continue experiencing major life difficulties for many years.
A

Schizoaffective Disorder

52
Q

Persistent belief that is contrary to reality, in the absence of other
characteristics of schizophrenia.

Characterized by at
least 1 month of delusions but no other psychotic symptoms.

A

Delusional disorder

53
Q

5 subtypes of Delusional Disorder

A

Erotomanic type
Grandiose type
Jealous type
Persecutory type
Somatic type

54
Q

Subtype of Delusional Disorder:

Central theme of the delusion is that another person is in love with the individual.

A

Erotomanic type

55
Q

Subtype of Delusional Disorder:

Central theme of the delusion
is the conviction of having some great talent or insight or of having made
some important discovery.

A

Grandiose type

56
Q

Subtype of Delusional Disorder:

Central theme of the delusion is that of an unfaithful partner.

A

Jealous type

57
Q

Subtype of Delusional Disorder:

Central theme of the delusion involves the individual’s
belief of being conspired against, cheated, spied on, followed, poisoned,
maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of long-term
goals

A

Persecutory type

58
Q

Subtype of Delusional Disorder:

Central theme of the delusion involves bodily functions or sensations

A

Somatic type

59
Q

Condition in which an individual develops delusions simply as a result of a close relationship with a delusional individual.

A

Shared psychotic disorder (folie à deux)

60
Q

Characterized by the presence of one or more positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech or behavior lasting 1 month or less.

A

Brief Psychotic Disorder

61
Q

These people may have some of the symptoms of schizophrenia but are aware of the troubling and bizarre nature of these symptoms.

A

Attenuated psychosis syndrome

62
Q

1- to 2-year period before the serious symptoms occur but when less severe yet unusual behaviors start to show themselves

A

Prodromal stage

63
Q

Researchers try to find basic processes
that contribute to the behaviors or symptoms of the disorder and then find the gene or genes that cause these difficulties

A

Endophenotyping

64
Q

One of the most enduring yet controversial theories of the cause of schizophrenia involves the
neurotransmitter?

A

Dopamine

65
Q

Used for a time to describe a mother whose cold, dominant, and rejecting nature was thought to cause schizophrenia in her children

A

Schizophrenogenic mother

66
Q

Used to portray a communication style that produced conflicting messages, which, in turn, caused schizophrenia to
develop

A

Double bind communication

Abnormal Psychology (2024-2025) (8 decks)

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