Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NAPLEX 2021 > Schizophrenia/Psychosis > Flashcards

Schizophrenia/Psychosis Flashcards

1
Q

Three primary neurotransmitters involved in schizophrenia

A

dopamine
serotonin
glutamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

One of the biggest treatment barriers in schizophrenic patients

A

adherence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List of negative signs/symptoms

A 
lack of emotion
social withdrawal
loss of motivation (avolition) 
lack of speech (alogia)
poor hygiene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

list of positive signs/symptoms

A

hallucinations
delusions
disorganized thinking/behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some drugs that can cause psychotic symptoms?

A 
anticholinergics (high doses)
dextromethorphan
dopamine agonists (common in parkinson's patients)
stimulants
systemic steriods 
illicit substances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Main mechanism of antipsychotics

A

block dopamine receptors

newer drugs also block serotonin receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of symptoms do the drugs aim to treat

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is first-line treatment and why?

A

second gen antipsychotics

less extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some common EPS

A

dystonia (muscle contractions)
dyskinesias (abnormal movement)
tardive dyskinesia (repetitive movement)
akathisia (restlessness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should occur if a patient experiences tardive dyskinesia

A

d/c drug

this can be irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a common “cocktail” to schizophrenic patients to add sedative effects and reduce dystonias

A

IM antipsychotic + BZD + anticholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which antipyschotic should absolutely not be given with BZDs due to excessive sedation

A

Olanzapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What’s important to know about antipyschotics and elderly patients

A

Should NOT be used in dementia-related psychosis due to increased risk of mortality/stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

All antipsychotics carry a warning for _____

A

falls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MOA FGA (first gens)

A

block D2 reception with little to no serotonin receptor blockade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List of low potency FGAs

A

chlopromazine

thioridazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

List of mild potency FGAs

A

loxapine

perphenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

list of high potency FGAs

A

haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what drug can be used for Tourette syndrome

A

haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How often is haldol deconate injected?

A

monthly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how often is fluphenazine deconate injected

A

q 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which FGAs are especially known for QT prolongation

A

thioridazine
haloperidol
chlorpromazine

23
Q

Warnings with FGAs

A 
NMS (neuroleptic malignant syndrome) 
hyperprolacinemia 
EPS
CNS depression 
anticholinergic effects 
Tachycardia
24
Q

What side effect profile are the lower potency FGAs known for

A

higher sedation, lower EPS

25
Q

What side effect profile are the high potency FGAs known for

A

less sedation, more EPS

26
Q

Which drugs can be given with FGAs to limit dystonic reactions

A

benztropine

diphenhydramine

27
Q

Which SGAs are partial agonists for DA and serotinin

A

aripiprazole
brexpiprazole
cariprazine

28
Q

Side effects of aripiprazole

A 
akathisia 
QT prolongation 
EPS in children 
sedation/activation 
constipation
29
Q

which drug can be used in irritability with Tourette’s or autistic patients?

A

aripiprazole

30
Q

When can clozapine be used and why?

A

3rd line agent

severe side effect potential (metabolic effects and neutropenia)

31
Q

Which SGA has a REMS program

A

clozapine

32
Q

Boxed warnings clozapine

A

neutropenia/agranulocytosis
cardiomyopathy
seizures

33
Q

Highest starting dose for clozapine and why?

A

12.5mg qd or bid due to seizure risk

34
Q

What is the lab parameter that must be considered before starting clozapine

A

baseline ANC must be >/= 1500mm^3

35
Q

At what ANC value must clozapine be stopped?

A

<1000

36
Q

Luradisone side effect profile

A

somnolence, EPS, nausea

almost weight, lipid, and glucose neutral

37
Q

olanzapine boxed warning/side effect profile

A

after injection, must be monitored for 3 hours for delirium/sedation
somnolence, metabolic syndrome

38
Q

Paliperidone side effects

A

increased prolactin (sexual dysfunction)
EPS
metabolic syndrom

39
Q

Invega Trinza frequency

A

q 3 months (must have received Sustenna prior to use)

40
Q

Quetiapine side effect profile

A

somnolence, metabolic syndrome
low EPS risk
take without food

41
Q

which SGA can be used in Parkinson’s pyschosis due to low EPS risk?

A

quetiapine

42
Q

risperidone side effect

A

metabolic disorder
EPS
increased prolactin

43
Q

ziprasidone CI

A

QT prolongation

44
Q

Which drugs would we avoid in a cardiac/QT risk patient?

A

ziprasidone, haloperidol, thioridazine, chlorpromazine

45
Q

Which drugs would we avoid in a patient with hx of movement disorder or parkinsons?

A

FGAs
risperidone
paliperiodone

46
Q

Which drug is preferred in parkinsons or patient with hx of movement disorder?

A

quetiapine

47
Q

Which drugs should we avoid in overweight patients

A

olanzapine

quetiapine

48
Q

Which drugs are good options in overweight patients

A

aripiprazole
ziprasiodne
lurasidone
asenapine

49
Q

Which drugs would be good option in homeless patients

A

long acting injections!

50
Q

What drug is used during acute psychosis in a patient refusing meds?

A

haloperidol IM

51
Q

What is pimavanserin?

A

Indicated for parkinson’s pyschosis due to not affecting dopamine receptors

52
Q

Medications approved for TD treatment

A

valbenazine

deutetrabenazine (hepatic impairment)

53
Q

NMS signs/symptoms

A

hyperthermia
muscle rigidity
mental status change
increased creatine phosphokinase and WBC

54
Q

How to treat NMS

A

taper off antipsychotic quickly
supportive care
cool patient down
bzd or dantrolene for muscle relaxation

NAPLEX 2021 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions