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Mental Health- Exam 2 > Schizophrenia & Meds > Flashcards

Schizophrenia & Meds Flashcards

0
Q

What term is used to describe irrational ideas regarding their own worth, talent, knowledge, or power and may believe they have a special relationship w/ a famous person or assume identity of one?

A

Grandiose type

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1
Q

Which phase of schizophrenia is a social maladjustment where it’s before the illness and kids aren’t getting along w/ others?

A

Phase I: Premorbid Phase

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2
Q

Which type of schizophrenia includes these types: erotomanic, grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic, and mixed and just have delusions for at least 1 month?

A

Delusional disorder

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3
Q

What is the term used to describe a belief that a person is being persecuted, plotted against, cheated, poisoned, drugged, or spied on?

A

Persecutory type

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4
Q

What term is used to describe a stalker in love, where the person believes someone usually of higher status is in love w/ them?

A

Erotomanic type

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5
Q

What is the term used to describe a believe that a person has a general medical condition or a false idea of their body?

A

Somatic type

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6
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: Antagonistic thoughts/behavior, shy & withdrawn, poor peer relationships, doing poorly in school, antisocial behavior; common to ADHD & usually presents in children?

A

Phase I: Premorbid phase

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7
Q

When a pt. says “I am Jesus Christ” what type of delusion is this?

A

Grandiose type

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8
Q

What is the term used to describe stalkers or constantly believe their partner is unfaithful & is later confronted or attacked by the pt. bc of that belief?

A

Jealous type

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9
Q

Which type of delusion is it when a person constantly thinks someone is going to harm them & may say something like “The FBI has bugged my room & are trying to kill me.”

A

Persecutory type

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10
Q

A pt says “I’m 70 years old & the oldest person to give birth. The doctor says I’m not pregnant, but I know I am.” Which type of delusion is this?

A

Somatic type

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11
Q

Which type of delusion has no single theme that is predominant, & the disorder is mixed?

A

Mixed type

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12
Q

Which psychotic disorder is when someone experiences or sees something horrific & have emotional turmoil or overwhelming perplexity or confusion?

A

Brief Psychotic Disorder

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13
Q

Which phase of schizophrenia has positive & negative symptoms that usually appears in teens & is determined on how well lives were beforehand?

A

Phase II: Prodromal Phase

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14
Q

Which disorder has the presence of prominent hallucinations & delusions that are judged to be directly attributed to substance intoxication or withdrawal, but the s/s are more excessive than withdrawal or intoxication? (Bath salt “zombies”)

A

Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder

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15
Q

Which disorder has prominent hallucinations & delusions that are directly attributed to a general medical condition like Thyroid stroke, Wilson’s disease, Huntington’s, Renal/Hepatic disease or systemic lupus?

A

Psychotic disorder associated w/ another medical condition

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16
Q

What can’t make the brain do what the body wants, but is very dangerous bc they are aware of whats happening around them?

A

Catatonic features

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17
Q

Which disorder may or may not be preceded by a severe psychosocial stressor & lasts less than 1 month then returns back to premorbid level of functioning?

A

Brief Psychotic Disorder

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18
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: lasts from a few weeks-few years (2-5yrs.) deterioration in role functioning & social withdrawal, substantial functional impairment?

A

Phase II: Prodromal Phase

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19
Q

What may be associated w/ other psychotic disorders, such as brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, & substance-induced psychotic disorder?

A

Catatonic feature specifier

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20
Q

What disorder include these symptoms: mannerism, agitation, grimacing, stereotypy, mutism, posturing, stupor, muscle rigidity or excessive purposeless motor activity, waxy flexibility, negativism, echolalia, echopraxia, catalepsy?

A

Catatonic disorder

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21
Q

Which disorder has a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms & catatonic like features (stupor, mutism, negativism, agitation) & incoherent speech, delusions, disorientation, hallucinations, & bizarre behavior?

A

Brief Psychotic Disorder

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22
Q

What term is used to describe limbs that remain in whatever position placed in & where they have a loss of voluntary motion?

A

Catalepsy

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23
Q

What compares to catalepsy?

A

Waxy flexibility

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24
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: sleep disturbances, anxiety, irritability, depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue, & perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference & suspiciousness herald onset of psychosis

A

Phase II: Prodromal Phase

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25
Q

Which symptoms tend to reflect an alteration or distortion of normal mental functions has normal brain structures, & good responses to treatment?

A

Positive symptoms

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26
Q

What disorder diagnosis is made when the catatonic symptoms are directly attributed to the physiological consequences of a general medical condition like metabolic disorders & neurological conditions?

A

Catatonic Disorder associated with another medical condition

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27
Q

What type of disorder has the same symptoms as schizophrenia w/ exception that the duration of the disorder has been at least 1 month but less than 6 months?

A

Schizophreniform disorder

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28
Q

Which phase of schizophrenia is in the active phase of the disorder & where psychotic symptoms are prominent?

A

Phase III: Schizophrenia

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29
Q

A pt. is admitted w/ a diagnosis of brief psychotic disorder, w/ catatonic features. Which symptoms are associated w/ catatonic specifier?
A. strong ego boundaries & abstract thinking
B. Ataxia & akinesia
C. Stupor, muscle rigidity, & negativism
D. Substance abuse & cachexia

A

C. Stupor, muscle rigidity, & negativism

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30
Q

Which symptoms include: delusions, religiosity, paranoia, & magical thinking?

A

Positive symptoms: content of thought

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31
Q

What are delusions?

A

false personal beliefs

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32
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: Delusions, hallucinations, impairment in work, social relationships & self-care & persists at least 6 months?

A

Phase III: Schizophrenia

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33
Q

What term is used to describe excessive demonstration of obsession w/ religious ideas & behavior, are really in tune w/ the bible & believe they can hear God?

A

Religiosity

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34
Q

What disorder has a good prediction if the individual’s affect isn’t blunted or flat, has a rapid onset of psychotic symptoms or if premorbid social & occupational function is satisfactory?

A

Schizophreniform Disorder

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35
Q

What are extreme suspiciousness of others?

A

Paranoia

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36
Q

If a pt says “I won’t eat this food, I know it’s poisoned” what are they experiencing?

A

Paranoia

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37
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: remission & exacerbation that follows active phase of illness, has similar symptoms of prodromal phase, is flat affect & impairment in role functioning are prominent?

A

Phase IV: Residual Phase

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38
Q

Which disorder has presence of hallucinations & or delusions that occur for at least 2 weeks in absence of a major mood episode & is mostly present w/ schizophrenia & bipolar?

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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39
Q

What is the term used to describe ideas that one’s thoughts or behaviors have control over specific situations & think they can control things w/ their thoughts?

A

Magical thinking

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40
Q

What symptoms include: associative looseness (loose association), neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, circumstantiality, tangentiality, mutism, & perseveration?

A

Positive symptoms: form of thought

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41
Q

What is the term used to describe shift of ideas from one unrelated topic to another; making connections that have no meaning?

A

Associative looseness or loose association

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42
Q

Name this phase of schizophrenia: Disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior & has negative symptoms w/ a diminished emotional expression?

A

Phase III: Schizophrenia

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42
Q

Which disorder appears depressed with psychomotor retardation & suicidal ideation or symptoms may include euphoria, grandiosity & hyperactivity?

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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43
Q

What is the term used to describe made-up words that have meaning only to the person who invents the words?

A

Neologisms

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45
Q

What is the term used to describe literal interpretations of the environment

A

Concrete thinking

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46
Q

What is the term used to describe choice of words is governed by sound (often rhyming) For example, it is very cold. I am cold & bold. The gold has been sold.

A

Clang associations

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47
Q

What is the term used to describe a delay in reaching the point of a communication bc of unnecessary & tedious details; takes forever to make a point?

A

Circumstantiality

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48
Q

Which phase of schizophrenia has continuous signs that persist for at least 6 months, that must include at least 1 month of symptoms w/ periods of prodromal phase?

A

Phase IV: Residual phase

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49
Q

What is the term used to describe inability to get to the point of communication due to introduction of many new topics; NEVER make the point?

A

Tangentiality

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50
Q

What is the term used to describe a group of words put together in a random fashion?

A

Word salad

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51
Q

What is mutism?

A

Inability or refusal to speak

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52
Q

What is the term used to describe persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions?

A

Perseveration

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53
Q

What symptoms include: perceptions, hallucinations, & illusions through auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, & olfactory?

A

Positive symptoms

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54
Q

Which disorder has schizophrenic symptoms accompanied by a strong element of symptomatology associated w/ mood disorders, either mania or depression?

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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55
Q

What is the term used to describe interpretation of stimuli through the senses?

A

Perception

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56
Q

What is the term used to describe false sensory perceptions not associated w/ real external stimuli?

A

Hallucinations

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57
Q

What is the term used to describe misperceptions of real external stimuli?

A

Illusions

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58
Q

What symptoms include: sense of self, echolalia, echopraxia, identification & imitation, & depersonalization?

A

Positive symptoms

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59
Q

What is the term used to describe repeating words that are heard maybe more than once? For example, the nurse says “medication time” and the pt. says “medication time, medication time, medication time.”

A

Echolalia

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60
Q

What is the term used to describe repeating movements that are observed?

A

Echopraxia

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61
Q

What symptoms are the most destructive & difficult to treat but are so much like depression & unmotivation?

A

Negative symptoms

62
Q

What is the term used to describe taking on the form of behavior one observes in another

A

Identification and imitation

63
Q

What is the term used to describe feelings of unreality?

A

Depersonalization

64
Q

What symptoms include: inappropriate affect, bland, flat, & apathy?

A

Negative symptom affect

65
Q

What is the term used to describe emotions are incongruent w/ the circumstances? For example, laughs at death of mother.

A

Inappropriate affect

66
Q

What symptoms reflect a reduction or loss of normal functions & respond less to antipsychotics?

A

Negative symptoms

67
Q

What is the term used to describe disinterest in the environment?

A

Apathy

68
Q

What symptoms include emotional ambivalence & deterioration in appearance?

A

Negative symptoms volition

69
Q

What is the term used to describe coexistence of opposite emotions toward the same object, person or situation; emotions may interfere w/ persons ability to make a very simple decision like to have coffee or tea w/ lunch?

A

Emotional ambivalence

70
Q

What is the term used to describe impaired personal grooming & selfl-care activities?

A

Deterioration in appearance

71
Q

What is the term used to describe the feeling state or emotional tone?

A

Affect

72
Q

What is the term used to describe impairment in the ability to initiate goal-directed activity?

A

Volition

73
Q

What is the term used to describe weak emotional tone?

A

Bland

74
Q

What is the term used to describe appearing to be invalid of emotional tone?

A

Flat

75
Q

What symptoms include: impaired social interaction & social isolation?

A

Negative symptoms: impaired interpersonal functioning & relationship to the external world

76
Q

What is the term used to describe clinging & intruding on the personal space of others, exhibiting behaviors that aren’t culturally & socially acceptable?

A

Impaired social interaction

77
Q

What is the term used to describe a focus inward on the self to the exclusion of the external environment

A

Social isolation

78
Q

What symptoms include: anergia, waxy flexibility, posturing, & pacing and rocking?

A

Negative symptoms: Psychomotor behavior

79
Q

What is the term used to describe passive yielding of all movable parts of the body to any effort made at placing them in certain positions; allows body parts to be placed in uncomfortable/bizarre positions & stay like that for a while?

A

Waxy flexibility

80
Q

What is the term used to describe voluntary assumption of inappropriate or bizarre postures?

A

Posturing

81
Q

What is the term used to describe deficiency of energy?

A

Anergia

82
Q

What is pacing & rocking?

A

Pacing back & forth & rocking the body

83
Q

What symptoms include anhedonia & regression?

A

Negative symptoms: Associated features

84
Q

What is the term used to describe inability to experience pleasure?

A

Anhedonia

85
Q

What is the term used to describe retreat to an earlier level of development; child-like?

A

Regression

86
Q

What is the term used to describe all events w/in the environment are referred by the psychotic person to themselves; assuming when in presence of others they’re the object of discussion? For example the pt. says “Someone is trying to send me a message through the articles in this magazine, I must break the code so I can receive it.”

A

Delusion of reference

87
Q

What is the term used to describe certain objects or persons have control over their behavior? For example the pt. says “The dentist put a filling in my tooth, I now receive transmissions through the filling that control what I do/think.”

A

Delusion of control or influence

88
Q

What is the term used to describe false idea that the self, part of self, others, or world is nonexistent? For example the pt. says “I have no heart” or “The world no longer exists”

A

Nihilistic delusion

89
Q

What is the abnormalities of the brain that may cause schizophrenia?

A

enlargement in cerebral ventricular size & decrease in temporal lobe size

90
Q

What is the neurotransmitter hypothesis that may cause schizophrenia?

A

excess of dopamine-dependent neuronal activity

91
Q

What is the possible endocrine correlation that may cause schizophrenia?

A

decrease in levels of prolactin hormones

92
Q

How do antidepressants work?

A

blocking reuptake of serotonin & norepinephrine

93
Q

What is the term used to describe the process of neurotransmitter inactivation where neurotransmitter is reabsorbed into a pre-synaptic neuron from which it had been released?

A

Reuptake

94
Q

How do “atypical” (novel) antipsychotics work?

A

Block a specific serotonin receptor

95
Q

How do benzodiazepines work?

A

enable transmission of inhibiting neurotrans GABA

96
Q

How do antipsychotics work?

A

Block dopamine receptors

97
Q

How do psychostimulants work?

A

increase norepinephrine, serotonin, & dopamine relase

98
Q

What is the term used to describe a severe mental condition where there’s disorganization of the personality, deterioration in social function & loss of contact w/ or distortion of reality & can occur w/ or w/o presence of organic impairment?

A

Psychosis

99
Q

What physiological influence may cause schizo?

A

Viral infection like the flu or birth complications

100
Q

What psychological influence may cause schizo?

A

poor parent-child relationships or dysfunctional families

101
Q

What treatment focuses on problem solving, reality testing, psychoeducation, & supportive/cognitive behavioral techniques?

A

Individual psychotherapy

102
Q

What treatment focuses on real life plans, problems, & relationships, & decrease social isolation?

A

Group therapy

103
Q

What treatment decreases the frequency of bizarre, disturbing, & deviant behaviors?

A

Behavior therapy

104
Q

What treatment focuses on complex interpersonal skills involving smooth integration of a combo of simpler behaviors?

A

Social skills training

105
Q

What treatment focuses on family education/contact to decrease overt manifestations of conflict?

A

Family therapy

106
Q

What treatment takes a team approach in providing comprehensive, community-based psychiatric treatment?

A

Program of Assertive Community Treatment (PACT)

107
Q

What treatment emphasizes group & social interaction?

A

Milieu therapy

108
Q

What treatment focuses on level of functioning in relationships, work, independent living, & other life functions?

A

The recovery model

109
Q

How do “typical” antipsychotics work?

A

Block postsynaptic dopamine receptors

110
Q

What drugs have these side effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, nausea/GI upset, skin rash, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, photosensitivity, hormonal effects, weight gain, ECG changes, hyper-salivation, akinesia, akathisia, dystonia, oculogyric crisis, or tardive dyskinesia?

A

Antipsychotics

111
Q

Which classification includes these drugs: Chlorpromazine (thorazine), fluphenazine, Haloperidol/butyrophenone (Haldol), Loxapine, Perphenazine, Pimozide (Orap), Prochlorperazine, Thioridazine, Thiothixene (Navane) & Trifluoperazine?

A

typical antipsychotics

112
Q

What is the term used to describe muscle weakness?

A

Akinesia

113
Q

What is the term used to describe continuous restlessness/fidgeting?

A

Akathisia

114
Q

Which drugs are 1st generation, cause movement disorders, may worsen negative symptoms & psychotic agitation is reduced in hours?

A

Typical antipsychotics

115
Q

What is the term used to describe bizarre facial & tongue movements?

A

Tardive dyskinesia

116
Q

Which drugs have higher potency & more EPS?

A

Haldol & Prolixin (lower dosages)

117
Q

Which drugs block dopamine pathways, reduce positive symptoms in 2-8 wks, & fixed hallucinations & delusions may respond minimally?

A

Typical antipsychotics

118
Q

Which drugs have lower potency, more anticholinergic, postural hypotension, & sedation?

A

Thorazine (higher dosages)

119
Q

Which classification include these drugs: Aripiprazole (Abilify), Asenapine (Saphris), Clozapine (Clozaril), Iloperidone (Latuda), Olanzapine (Zyprexa), Paliperdone (Invega), Quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperidone (Risperdal) & Ziprasidone (Geodon)?

A

Atypical antipsychotics

120
Q

Which drugs have no anticholinergic effects & used for pt’s w/ delirium & include Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) & Butyrophenone (Haldol)?

A

Typical- dopamine 2 receptor antagonists

121
Q

Which drugs block 5-HT serotonin receptors, decrease negative symptoms & EPS?

A

5-HT serotonin receptors

122
Q

Which drugs have dopamine-serotonin system stabilizers (DSS) & include Aripiprazole (Abilify)?

A

3rd generation antipsychotics

123
Q

Which drugs are second generation, bind less strongly to dopamine, reduce EPS (funny voice), & improve cognitive & mood symptoms (negative) & have less side effects?

A

Atypical antipsychotics

124
Q

Which drugs include these side effects that are not a problem: EPS, weight gain, prolactin elevation, glucose & lipid & cardiac abnormalities, prolongation of QT interval, but do include insomnia, nausea, & vomiting for less than 14 days?

A

3rd generation Aripiprazole (Abilify)

125
Q

Which drugs include: Aripiprazole extended release (Abilify), fluphenazine decanoate (fluphenazine-LAI) 4 wks, Haloperidol decanoate (LAI)-4 wks, Olanzapine Pamoate (Zyprexa Relprevv) 3 wks, Paliperidone palmitate (Invega Sustenna) 4 wks, & Risperidone microspheres (Risperdol Consta) 2 wks.

A

Long acting medications (shots)

126
Q

What do long acting medications (shots) need to hold blood levels stable?

A

an oral dose in b/t &/or more than 1 loading dose

127
Q 
A pt. who has disorganized thinking associated w/ schizophrenia. Which area of the brain is to blame for this dysfunction?
A. Hippocampus
B. Cerebellum
C. Frontal lobe
D. Brainstem
A

C. Frontal Lobe

128
Q 
Typical antipsychotics exert their influence primarily over what neurotransmitter to achieve effect?
A. Dopamine
B. Serotonin
C. GABA
D. Acetylcholine
A

A. Dopamine

129
Q 
Pt. taking the atypical antipsychotic Clozaril (Clozapine), must have which blood test completed each week?
A. Clozapine level
B. Sodium level
C. CBC
D. BUN
A

C. CBC

130
Q 
A pt. taking an antipsychotic develops restlessness & an uncontrollable urge to move the bottom half of their body. This extrapyramidal side effect is called:
A. Tardive dyskinesia
B. Parkinsonism
C. Occulogyric Crisis
D. Akathisia
A

D. Akathisia

131
Q 
A pt. taking an antipsychotic develops restlessness & an uncontrollable urge to move the bottom half of their body. What is the cause of the EPS?
A. Dopamine blocking effects
B. Anticholinergic effects
C. Endocrine stimulating effects
D. Ability to stimulate spinal nerves
A

A. Dopamine blocking effects

132
Q 
A nurse administering antipsychotic meds should monitor for additional adverse effects if the pt. also has which of the following health problems? Select all that apply.
A. Diabetes
B. Parkinson's Disease
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Epilepsy
E. Grave's Disease
A

A, B, D, E

133
Q

A pt. is receiving the atypical antipsychotic Risperdal (Risperidone) reports severe muscle stiffness midmorning. During lunch he has a difficulty time swallowing food & speaking, & when VS are taken 30 min later he is found stuporous & diaphoretic. T-38.8, P-110, BP-159/90. The nurse should suspect ___ & should ____.
A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome & initiate measures to decrease fever & notify MD.
B. Anticholinergic toxicity & check VS again
C. Relapse of psychosis & give PRN antipsychotic
D. Agranulocytosis & hold meds & call for CBC

A

A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome & initiate measures to decrease fever & notify MD.

134
Q

This med blocks dopamine, is considered an “old” med, & should be watched out for EPS & ticks?

A

Typical antipsychotic

135
Q

What scale is used to measure EPS?

A

AIMS

136
Q

What anticholinergic med is given to help w/ EPS?

A

Cogentin or Benadryl

137
Q

What anticholinergic med is given to help w/ anti-Parkinsonism?

A

Cinimat

138
Q

This med is considered a “new” med, & should be assessed for skin rash, & neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

A

Atypical antipsychotic

139
Q

What is a life-threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to antipsychotic drugs (prescribed for Tx of schizophrenia) & include symptoms such as: high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular rigidity, & autonomic dysfunction?

A

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)

140
Q

D/C of the antipsychotic med, monitoring VS, degree of muscle riigidity, I&O, level of consciousness, & an order from physician for Perlodel or Datrium is used to treat what?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

141
Q

What kind of medication is Depakote?

A

mood stabilizer

142
Q

What should you assess for if a pt. is taking Depakote?

A

liver function, can cause severe liver damage

143
Q

Vistaril is what kind of medication?

A

Anti-anxiety

144
Q

Which med blocks & inhibits reuptake of serotonin & may be used for sleep in adults, but for mood in the elderly?

A

Trazadone

145
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder is characterized by the following: frightening, painful muscle spasms in back, neck, or eyes w/in hours/days of starting antipsychotic meds?

A

Dystonia

146
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder is characterized by the following: symptoms like Parkinson’s w/o destruction of dopaminergic cells. Has triad rigidity, slowed movements, & tremor begins w/in 1st months?

A

Parkinsonism

147
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder is characterized by the following: most common, occurs after wks of high doses of antipsychotics & can’t sit still w/o moving & is associated w/ increased suicides?

A

Akathisia

148
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder is characterized by the following: irreversible form of EPS, is most serious, may persist despite D/C of med, has no effective treatment & anticholinergics worsen?

A

Tradive dyskinesia

149
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder has these symptoms: Thick tongue, tight jaw, stiff neck, laryngopharyngeal constriction, neck spasms (torticollis) head forced to side, fixed tongue protrusion, Occulogyric crisis, upward deviation of eyes?

A

Dystonia

150
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder has these symptoms: reduced arm swing, “zombie-like” walk, mask-like face, slow, regular muscular jerks, postural instability, hunched posturing, stooped posture, unsteady shuffling gait, drooling?

A

Parkinsonism

151
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder has these symptoms: Inward sensation of restlessness, motor restlessness, unable to sit still, paces, shifts weight from foot to foot, taps feet?

A

Akathisia

152
Q

What type of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder has these symptoms: Involuntary/repetitive/rhythmic movements of tongue, face, mouth, or jaw. Lip smacking, chewing movements, facial grimacing, cheek puffing, puckering of lips, tongue protrusion, grunts & vocal utterances, movements of trunk & extremities that lessen w/ relaxation & during sleep?

A

Tardive dyskinesia

Mental Health- Exam 2 (7 decks)

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