Development Flashcards
What level of IQ measures IDD?
<70
What is the development disorder w/ onset prior to age 18 years, characterized by impairments in measured intellectual performance & adaptive skills across multiple domains?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What is characterized by a withdrawal of the child into the self & into a fantasy world of their own creation?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What disorder has inborn errors of metabolism like Tay-Sach’s disease or hyperglycinemia as a genetic predisposing factor?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What level measures mild level of IDD?
50-70
Predominantly inattentive presentation, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation, or combined type (criteria for both) are clinical presentations of what disorder?
ADHD
What disorder is characterized by an impairment in communication & imaginative activity? For example verbal/nonverbal skills may be affected/absent.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) targets behaviors like aggression, deliberate self-injury, temper tantrums, & quickly changing moods?
Psychopharmacological (meds)
What disorder may be caused by infections like meningitis & encephalitis, poisoning like insecticides, meds, or lead or physical traumas like head injuries, asphyxiation, & hyperpyrexia as general medical conditions acquired in infancy or childhood?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What medication for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is used for children & adolescents 5-16 years old & is based on weight of the child & the clinical response?
Risperidone
What medication for Autism Spectrum Disorder is used in children & adolescence 6-17 years old & is initiated 2mg/day, may be increased to 5mg/day at intervals of no less than 2 wks & up to a maximum of 15mg/day?
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
What disorder is characterized by impairment in social interaction, show little interest in people, & have a difficult time forming interpersonal relationships w/ others?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What disorder has essential features that include developmentally inappropriate degrees in inattention, impulsiveness, & hyperactivity, but is not recognized until school age?
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
What disorder may be caused by maternal illnesses & infections during pregnancy like rubella or cytomegalovirus or maternal ingestion of alcohol/drugs or complications of pregnancy like toxemia & uncontrollable diabetes as a disruption in embryonic development?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What level measures moderate level of IDD?
35-49
What disorder may be caused by abnormal levels of dopamine, norepinephrine & possibly serotonin as a biochemical predisposing factor?
ADHD
What disorder is characterized by restricted activities & interests. For example, minor changes in environment are often met w/ resistance or sometimes w/ hysterical responses.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What medication for Autism Spectrum Disorder has side effects like drowsiness, increased appetite, nasal congestion, fatigue, constipation, drooling, dizziness, weight gain, & sedation?
Resperidone
What disorder may be caused by fetal malnutrition, viral, trauma, complications of birth resulting in deprivation of oxygen to infant or premature birth as a pregnancy & perinatal factor?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What common symptoms include: oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder. anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, & substance use disorder?
Co-morbidity for ADHD
What disorder is characterized by highly distractible w/ extremely limited attention span & often shift from 1 uncompleted activity to another?
ADHD
What medication for Autism Spectrum Disorder has side effects like sedation, fatigue, weight gain, vomiting, somnolence, & tremor & need caution when prescribing?
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
What is the term used to describe the simultaneous presence of 2 chronic diseases or conditions in a pt?
Co-morbidity
What disorder is linked to several chromosomes to development of it as a genetic predisposing factors?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What disorder in ADHD must be stabilized?
Substance use disorder & bipolar disorder
What disorder in ADHD must be treated concurrently?
Depression & anxiety
What are CNS stimulants & increase levels of neurotransmitters in CNS?
Psychopharmacological intervention for ADHD (Amphetamines, methylphenidate, or dexmethylphenidate)
What disorder has single gene abnormalities like tuberous sclerosis & neurofibromatosis as a genetic predisposition?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What drugs for ADHD have these side effects: insomnia, restlessness, palpations, tachycardia, anorexia, weight loss, tolerance, new or worsened psychiatric symptoms, temporary decrease in rate of growth & development?
Amphetamines, methylphenidate, or dexmethylphenidate
What disorder is associated w/ medical disorders like tuberous sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, maternal rubella, congenital hypothyroidism, down syndrome, Angelman’s syndrome, neurofibromatosis or phenylketonuria as physiological implications?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What level measures severe level of IDD?
20-34
What drugs have these effects on children w/ ADHD: increased attention span, control of hyperactive behavior, & improvement in learning ability?
Amphetamines, methylphenidate, or dexmethylphenidate
What disorder may be attributed by deprivation of nurturance & social stimulation, impoverished environment or severe mental disorders like ASD as a sociocultural factor & other mental disorders?
Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD)
What ADHD medications have these side effects: palpations or tachycardia ( ). or Bradycardia, constipation, dry mouth, sedation, or rebound syndrome & shouldn’t be discontinued abruptly?
(Clonidine) &/or Guanfacine
What medication for ADHD is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor & exact mechanism is unknown?
Atomoxetine
What medication for ADHD is a nonselective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor & exact mechanism for treatment is unknown?
Bupropion
What disorder has chromosomal disorders like Down Syndrome & Klinefelter syndrome as a genetic predisposition?
Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)
What ADHD medications are alpha agonists & have an unclear therapeutic effect?
Clonidine or Guanfacine
What disorder has a persistent pattern of behavior where the basic rights of others & major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated & have two subtypes based on age at onset?
Conduct disorder
What disorder is characterized by difficulty forming satisfactory interpersonal relationships & is disruptive & intrusive in group, & have difficulty complying w/ social norms?
ADHD
What ADHD should have a drug “holiday” attempted periodically under direction of the physician to determine effectiveness of the medication & need for continuation?
Amphetamines, methylphenidate, or dexmethylphenidate
What disorder may be caused by control issues or a power struggle b/t the parents & child where the parent is trying to control the child & child feels like they must refuse to give in & defend their authority & both parties are angry?
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
What medication for ADHD have these side effects: N/V, decreased appetite, weight loss, constipation, insomnia, increased BP & HR, severe liver damage, & new or worsened psychiatric symptoms?
Atomoxetine
What disorder may be caused by women who suffer from asthma or allergies around the time of pregnancy as perinatal influences?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What disorder may be caused by maternal smoking/alcohol intake during pregnancy (FAS), prematurity, signs of fetal distress, prolonged labor, & perinatal asphyxia?
ADHD
What disorder is characterized by physical aggression in the violation of the rights of others, use of drugs/alcohol, stealing, lying, truancy, & lacks feelings of guilt & remorse?
Conduct Disorder
What medication for ADHD include these side effects: tachycardia, dizziness, shakiness, insomnia, nausea, anorexia, & weight loss & individuals w/ hx of seizures or eating disorders shouldn’t take this?
Bupropion
What medication for ADHD shouldn’t be prescribed w/ preexisting cardiac or vascular disease & shouldn’t be discontinued abruptly, but is the drug of choice bc of favorable side-effect profile?
Alpha Agonists (clonidine, guanfacine)
What disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of angry mood & defiant behavior that occurs more frequently than usually observed in individuals of comparable age & developmental level, & interferes w/ social, educational, or vocational activities?
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
What disorder may be caused by alterations in specific areas of the brain such as prefrontal lobes, basal ganglia, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, & cerebellum as an anatomical predisposing factor?
ADHD
What disorder is a disruptive behavioral disorder that begins typically by age 8 & no later than adolescence, lose temper, don’t respect/obey adults?
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
What level measures profound level of IDD?
<20
What disorder may be caused by abnormalities in major brain structures like enlargement of the temporal lobe white matter & an increase in surface area in temporal, frontal, & parieto-occipital lobes as a neurological implication?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What disorder is characterized by difficulty performing age-appropriate tasks & a low frustration tolerance & outbursts of temper?
ADHD
What type of ODD is defined by the onset of at least one criterion characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10?
Childhood-onset type
What therapy for conduct disorder is based on concepts of classical & operant conditioning & gives a reward for good behavior but holds the reward for bad behavior?
Behavior therapy
What type of ODD is defined by the absence of any criteria characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10?
Adolescence-onset type
What disorder is characterized by sexual permissiveness, use of projection as a defense mechanism, low self-esteem by the “tough guy” image, inability to control anger, low academic achievement, & problems with inattentiveness, impulsiveness, & hyperactivity?
Conduct Disorder
What disorder is characterized by excessive levels of activity, restlessness & fidgeting w/ boundless energy & continuously running, jumping, wiggling, & fidgeting?
ADHD
What disorder have symptoms that include: passive-aggression, exhibited by stubbornness, procrastination, disobedience, carelessness, negativism, testing of limits, resistance to directions, deliberately ignoring communication of others & unwillingness to compromise?
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
What disorder may include acts like running away, school avoidance, school underachievement, impaired interpersonal relationships, temper tantrums, fighting, & argumentativeness?
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
What disorder is not as effective w/ medication alone & needs a combination of medication & psychosocial therapy for treatment?
Conduct disorder
