Schizophrenia

Question 1

What are the 3 positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 1

Delusions
Hallucinations
Thought disorder

Question 2

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Apathy
Lack of volition
Social withdrawal
Cognitive impairment

Question 3

Describe the ICD 10 criteria for diagnosing schizophrenia

Answer 3

One of these symptoms:
- Thought interference
- Passivity phenomena
- Hallucinatory voices giving running commentary, discussing the patient of coming from a part of the body
- Impossible persistent delusion
OR Two of these symptoms
- Formal thought disorder
- Catatonic behaviour
- Negative symptoms (loss of interest, idleness, social withdrawal) 
FOR AT LEAST ONE MONTH

Question 4

What are schneiders first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 4

1. Thoughts spoken aloud
2. Third person voices
3. Running commentary
4. Delusional perceptions
5. Passivity phenoena (made acts, impulses, volition, feelings)
6. Thought insertion
7. Thought withdrawal
8. Thought broadcasting

Question 5

What is a delusional perception?

Answer 5

A delusional belief arising from a normal perception

Question 6

During a consultation this is how a patient speaks. What is this an example of? “I’m absolutely fine and terribly busy, so I can’t give you long. That’s a nice tie you are wearing. Did you buy it in Paris? I love Paris in the spring time, I love Paris in the fall. Fallen arches. You look as if you could have those. Would you like me to cure them for you?”

Answer 6

Thought Disorder: Flight of ideas
These us fast excessive speech which involves casual associations between ideas, links betweens ideas maybe with usage of puns. This is most common in mania,

Question 7

What is knights move thinking?

Answer 7

A complete loosening of associations where there is no logical link between one idea and the next

Question 8

What is tangential thinking?

Answer 8

Wandering from the topic and never returning to it or providing the information requested

Question 9

What is circumstantiality thought disorder?

Answer 9

An inability to answer a question without giving excessive unnecessary detail. (Differs from tangential thinking as the person does eventually return to the original point.

Question 10

Name three disorders of thought form

Answer 10

Knights move thinking
tangential thinking
Circumstantiality

Question 11

What is schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 11

Presence of both symptoms typical of schizophrenia and affective disorder

Question 12

What are the symptoms of delirium?

Answer 12

1. Clouding of consciousness
   - Ranges from subtle drowsiness to unresponsive
   - Disorientation in time, place and person
   - Fluctuating severity iver time
   - Worst at night
2. Impaired concentrations/memory
   - Especially for new information

Question 13

How do you manage delirium?

Answer 13

• Correct the underlying cause (infection etc)
• Change the environment (single room, familiar staff)
• Drugs such as low dose antipsychotics

Question 14

A 30-year-old patient with paranoid schizophrenia has stopped taking his medication and feels very unwell.
While he is walking home he notices a traffic light turn red. He immediately believes that this is a signal that the end of the world is near.
What is the best description of this type of delusion?

Answer 14

Delusional Percweptions