Drug treatments - Psychiatry Flashcards
What is the most common neurotransmitter in the CNS?
Glutamate
Which neurotransmitter is found exclusively in the neural networks coming from the frontal areas to the amygdala and hippocampus?
Dopamine
What are the four main dopanimergic systems in the brain?
- Substantia nigra - movement
- Tuberoinfundibular - prolactin
- Mesocortical - Motivation and emotion
- Mesolimbin - Reward
Dopamine overactivity in which systems is thought to cause schizophrenia?
Mesocortical
Mesolimbic
Explain why dopamine antagonists are used in schizophrenia and why these lead to side effects?
Used as dopamine overactivity is thought to lead to schizophrenia.
Cause movement disorders such as tardive dyskinesia as the also inhibit dopamine in the substantia nigra. Causes galactorrhea as inhibits dopamine in the tuberinfundibular pathway..
Which atypical antipsychotic does not not drowsiness?
Ariprizole
A patient who is treated for schizophrenia presents with a temperature, fluctuating consciusness, muscle rigidity and autonomic dysfunction. What has happened?
Neuroleptic syndrome
A patient who is treated for schizophrenia presents with a temperature, fluctuating consciusness, muscle rigidity and autonomic dysfunction. What blood test will be raised?
Creatinine phosphkinase
What is the most significant risk with prescribing clozapine?
Neutropenia leading to agranulocytosis
Describe the blood monitoring regime that is required with cloazapine?
- Weekly for the first 18 weeks
- Fortnightly until a full year of treatment has been completed.
How long does it take for anti psychotics to have an effect on symptoms?
2 weeks
Which antipsychotic drug is most associated with akathisia?
Haloperidol
Which antipsychotic drug is most associated with upper and lower limb restlessness?
Haloperidol
What drug treatment is used in bulimia nervosa?
Fluoxetine
What side effect can lithium have on the kidneys?
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
