Schizophrenia Flashcards
What is a common long term side effect of anti-psychotic meds?
Metabolic syndrome:
Hyperglycemia
Hypertriglycerides
HTN
Obesity
What is the difference between schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder?
Schizophreniform looks exactly the same as schizophrenia EXCEPT short duration (1-6 months)
What is schizoaffective disorder?
The combo of a mood disorder and schizophrenia.
Signs of depression or mania or mix of both and symptoms of schizophrenia
What is the difference between a schizotypal PD and schizophrenia?
Schizotypal PD can develop into schizophrenia.
Schizotypal PD is considered to be “on the spectrum” of schizophrenia.
Schizotypal PD usually DONT experience the psychosis.
What is delusional disorder?
Non-bizzare delusions
(These things could actually happen)
Persecution, someone being in love with them, being followed, etc.
Behavior is not obviously odd.
What are the benefits of catching schizophrenia early?
Why is it important for nurse to recognize prodromal stage?
The better the chance of recovery if treated early.
Every relapse and period of psychosis does damage and makes it more difficult to completely recover.
Greatly improves prognosis.
What are the 4 phases of schizophrenia?
Prodromal
Acute (psychotic break)
Stabilization (psychosis disappearing)
Maintenance (remission, but may have mild persistent symptoms)
What are s/sx of prodromal stage of schizophrenia?
Social withdrawal
Depressed mood
Decreased functioning
Disturbed perceptions
Magical thinking
Peculiar behavior
Self care diminished
Sleeping/eating patterns off
Work/school performance tanks
What are some bio neuro changes in schizophrenia?
Dopamine dysregulation (too high)
Serotonin low
Inappropriate synaptic pruning that occurs in teen years
Gray and white matter decreased
What are some positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations
Delusions
Bizarre behavior
Catatonia (odd movements and body shape)
Thought and speech disorders
What are some negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Flat affect
Alogia (little to no speech)
Avolition (no motivation to do anything or follow through)
Anergia (no energy)
Anhedonia (can’t feel pleasure)
Asocial
What is circumstantiality?
A positive symptom of schizophrenia
Excessively detailed speech. Can’t separate relevant from irrelevant details
What is neologism?
Made up words
Positive sign of schizo
What is tangentiality?
Type of speech that can’t stay on subject
Wanders off in train of thought
What is associative looseness?
Postive symptom of schizo
Thinking is haphazard, illogical and confused
Example: “ I like to dance, all monkeys have tails.”
What is echolalia?
Repeating
What is echopraxia?
Mimicking anothers movements
What is clang association?
Rhyming meaningless words
Why are command hallucinations a med emergency?
Because the “command” is usually dangerous to themselves or others
What is the term “impairment of insight” in schizo?
This is hallmark of schizophrenia
It means that don’t understand or recognize their illness and don’t adhere to treatment
What are cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Memory impairment
Inability to reason, problem solve, focus, make decisions
What is catatonia?
Positive symptom of schizophrenia
Two categories:
Extreme or abnormal motor behavior:
Run around the room
Robot like
Bizarre posture
Waxy flexibility
Stereotyped movement (like vacuuming floor but with no vacuum)
Does the opposite of instructions
AND/OR:
Extreme psychomotor retardation:
Stupor (still for long periods of time)
Coma like
Slow speech
What does treatment focus on in acute phase of schizophrenia?
Safety
Crisis intervention
Symptom stabilization
Medication
Evaluation
Rule out medical cause
Therapeutic millieu
Support to patient and family
What is treatment focused on in stabilization phase of schizophrenia?
Teaching patient understanding and acceptance of illness
Developing strategy for tx
Medication education
Relapse prevention
Connecting them to support system
