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Business > schedule F > Flashcards

schedule F Flashcards

1
Q

external influences affecting operational objectives (6 points)

A
  • costs
  • quality (low quality=bad rep)
  • speed/flexibility (slow lead time = reputation of being slow)
  • dependability (poor quality=bad rep)
  • environmental
  • added value
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2
Q

influences on labour productivity (4 points)

A
  • extent and quality of fixed assets
  • skills, ability and motivation of the workforce
  • methods of production
  • external factors
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3
Q

influences on unit costs (4 points)

A
  • variable cost of product
  • productivity of workers
  • efficiency of workers
  • fixed costs
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4
Q

low capacity utilisation = (3 points)

A
  • low output
  • not using purchased resources
  • machines more downtime so less likely to break
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5
Q

high capacity utilisation = (2 points)

A
  • high output
  • machines have less downtime so more likely to break
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6
Q

how to fix under utilisation (2 points)

A
  • reduce the number of raw materials purchased
  • reduce max capacity
  • train employees to be more efficient
  • increase demand and sales
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7
Q

how to fix over utilisation (3 points)

A
  • increase maximum capacity
  • decrease raw materials
  • increase focus on quality rather than quantity
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8
Q

how to increase labour productivity (4 points)

A
  • train workers
  • improve working conditions
  • reduce staff turnover
  • motivate workforce
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9
Q

difficulties with increasing labour productivity (3 points)

A
  • workers may strike due to unfair hours and pay
  • labour turnover may increase
  • obtaining resources/materials
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10
Q

lean production definition

A

working practices derived from Japan that focuses on cutting waste whilst maintaining or improving quality

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11
Q

just in time production definition

A

a technique used to minimise inventory holdings at each stage of the production process helping to minimise costs

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12
Q

advantages of just in time production (4 points)

A
  • saves money
  • improves cash flow
  • encourages quality as there are no backups
  • might motivate workforce
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13
Q

disadvantages of just in time production (3 points)

A
  • no margin for error
  • relies on suppliers delivery being on time
  • more frequent deliveries mean higher delivery cost
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14
Q

kaizen definition

A

a system that concentrates on small, but frequent, improvements in every aspect of the production process

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15
Q

key criteria for Kaizen to be effective (4 points)

A
  1. all members of workforce will be involved
  2. employees are encouraged to work in kaizen groups
  3. improvements can take place at any level of the hierarchy
  4. requires a highly motivated workforce
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16
Q

advantages of kaizen (4 points)

A
  • increased efficiency
  • decreased production time
  • increased employee morale
  • increased productivity
17
Q

disadvantages of kaizen (5 points)

A
  • takes time to come up with ideas
  • workers may get distracted from job
  • costly to think up and create
  • some may fail
  • employees must be motivated to do it
18
Q

advantages of labour intensive production (4 points)

A
  • dont need high salary
  • less expensive machinery costs
  • more flexible work
  • continuous improvement
19
Q

Disadvantages of labour intensive production (6)

A
  • Finding labor is difficult
  • workers will take time and money to train
  • limited work time
  • quality consistency
  • potentially high labor turnover
  • problems with employee/employer relationship
20
Q

advantages of capital intensive production (3 points)

A
  • no need for HR
  • longer working hours for machines
  • quality is standardised
21
Q

disadvantages of capital intensive production (4 points)

A
  • high maintenance costs
  • tech can be outdated soon
  • significant initial investment
  • potential for loss of competitiveness due to obsolescence
22
Q

advantages of communication technology (4 points)

A
  • save travel costs
  • more environmentally friendly
  • leads to lower costs
  • improve efficiency
23
Q

disadvantages of capital intensive production (6 points)

A
  • software may be unreliable
  • may be complicated to use
  • makes us more inefficient (distractions)
  • impersonal
  • poorer quality of interactions
  • bad for mental well being
24
Q

advantages of robotics (3 points)

A
  • accurate
  • consistant
  • fast
25
Q

disadvantages of robotics (3 points)

A
  • initial costs and maintenance costs
  • loss of human touch
  • lack of initiative
26
Q

quality assurance (3 points)

A
  • patterning process into workforce
  • focus on process
  • quality is built into the product
27
Q

quality control (4 points)

A
  • inspecting products
  • focus on outputs
  • targeted at production activities
  • defected products are inspected out
28
Q

total quality management

A

an attitude the whole business has of ensuring quality

29
Q

advantages of total quality management (4 points)

A
  • puts customer at heart of production process
  • increase motivation as workforce feel more involved and are making decisions
  • less wasteful than throwing away defective products
  • eliminates cost of inspection
30
Q

disadvantages of total quality management (2 points)

A
  • requires strong leadership
  • everyone must almost be obsessed with high quality control
31
Q

advantages of outsourcing (4 points)

A
  • access specialist suppliers with greater capabilities and higher quality
  • reduce costs if outsourcing supplier can provide at a lower cost
  • lets business focus on its core activities
  • make operations more flexible
32
Q

disadvantages of outsourcing (3 points)

A
  • outsourcing supplier might fail to meet quality standards
  • potential loss of expertise from the business
  • no guarantee that costs will be lower
33
Q

advantages of producing to order (4 points)

A
  • low inventory costs
  • high quality
  • bespoke to customer
  • can charge premium
34
Q

disadvantages of producing to order (4 points)

A
  • could mean longer lead times
  • higher costs
  • capacity to produce to order may be limited
  • difficult to handle sudden increase in demand.
35
Q

advantages of using temporary or part time employees (6 points)

A
  • work on lower wages
  • good for seasonal business
  • flexibility
  • better customer service
  • may attract more job opportunities
  • higher morale
36
Q

disadvantages of using temporary or part time employees (5 points)

A
  • not as invested in company
  • underemployment
  • more complex to manage
  • investment in tech and support required to make flexi working available
  • loss of capacity if key employees reduced their hours
37
Q

advantages of buffer stocks (5 points)

A
  • if demand increases you can accommodate
  • ensures you dont run out
  • better pricing for it
  • maintains satisfaction
  • problems with lead times can be accommodated
38
Q

disadvantages of buffer stocks (3 points)

A
  • not compatible with just in time approach
  • reduces cash flow
  • costs

Business (14 decks)

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