Schaffer - stages of attachment Flashcards
What are the 4 stages of attachment?
Asocial / Indiscriminate attachment / Discriminante attachment / Multiple attachment
When is the Asocial phase?
From birth to two months
When is the indiscriminate attachment phase?
From 2 to 6 months
When is the discriminate attachment phase?
From 7 to 12 months
When is the multiple attachments phase?
1 year onward
What is Asocial stage?
where the infant cannot tell the difference between objects and people
What is the Indiscriminate attachment stage?
where infants show a preference for human company / they know the difference between people but have no stranger anxiety
What is the discriminate stage?
Where infants show a preference for one caregiver + display separation anxiety and stranger anxiety as well as joy upon return
What is the multiple attachments stage?
Attachment behaviour is displayed toward several people which is referred to as secondary attachments
What was Schaffer and Emerson’s study into early forms of Attachment?
They visited 60 babies in the working-class Glasgow area every month for the first 12 months of their lives and measured attachment behaviour
What were the findings of Schaffer and Emerson’s Study into early attachments?
Results correlated with the stages of attachment showing that attachment does develop through the stages outlined in the first year of life
Evaluate Schaffer and Emerson’s study on early attachments?
- Lacks pop validity: only from a working-class area in one city so results can’t be generalised
- Social desirability - parents may have lied in the interview or acted differently to seem like better parents which may affect the DV
