Scenario 6

Question 1

Zooplankton

Answer 1

Not photosynthesizers- heterotrophs
- next level of food chain above phytoplankton or a bit higher- important parts of lower levels

Question 2

Crustacean zooplankton: characteristics, ecology

Answer 2

Chitin skeleton
Body skeleton
Paired, jointed appendages
types: COPEPODS, KRILL, larval crabs, shrimp, & lobsters

Question 3

crustacean zooplankton Phylum and Subphylum

Answer 3

Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Crustacea

Question 4

Copepods

Answer 4

Crustacean zooplankton
Plankton from SpongeBob
Dominate nearly all oceans- largest mass of any plankton type
feed on phytoplankton, organic matter in water column, smaller plankton

Question 5

Copepods Phylum, Subphylum, Order

Answer 5

Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Crustacea
Order Copepoda

Question 6

Copepod life cycle

Answer 6

Eggs
Naupliar stage (6 stages)
Copepodite stages (teenager)
Adult

Question 7

2 major copepod families

Answer 7

calanidae
eucalanidae

Question 8

Unique part of life cycle of Calanidae and Eucalanidae

Answer 8

DIAPAUSE stage (move into deeper water, like hibernation- arrested development)
OR may produce DIAPAUSE EGGS
BETWEEN COPEPODITE and ADULT stages

Question 9

chem/physical oceanic importance of diapausing

Answer 9

MAY be responsible for sequestering more carbon than any other biogeochemical process

Question 10

Calanus finmarchius specific behavior

Answer 10

diapausing
- form dense layers that attract north atlantic right whales

Question 11

major types of fish feeding ecology.

Answer 11

suction feeding
ram feeders

Question 12

suction feeding

Answer 12

rapidly open mouth to suck in small prey + surrounding water
mouth closes rapidly
smaller prey like zooplankton are captured on gill rakers that act like a sieve

Question 13

ram feeding

Answer 13

move forward + open jaws- engulf prey + surrounding water
water expelled thru opening gill slits
some sharks widen jaw to capture prey

Question 14

2 different methods for filter feeding

Answer 14

• modified gill rakers strain out zooplankton from water
• some use continuous ram feeding- water constantly being strained out as the fish keeps moving thru the water

Question 15

2 major orders of marine mammals

Answer 15

cetaceans
carnivora

Question 16

order cetacea: 2 suborders + common names

Answer 16

• suborder odontoceti: toothed whales
• suborder mysticeti: baleen whales

Question 17

order carnivora: 1 suborder, 1 family (from caniformia suborder)

Answer 17

• suborder pinnipedia: seals
• family mustelidae: sea otters

Question 18

suborder pinnipedia: 2 families

Answer 18

• family phocidae: true seal
  
  • Family otaridae: eared seal

Question 19

Distinguish between the two cetacean suborders: Odontoceti & Mysticeti

Answer 19

O: toothed whales
capable of echolocation (melon in their skull)
one blowhole
M: baleen whales
continuous + intermittent ram suspension feeders
2 blowholes

Question 20

2 major groups of mysticeti

Answer 20

right whales
rorqual whales

Question 21

who uses echolocation?

Answer 21

odontecetes

Question 22

Explain how feeding ecology distinguishes the two major groups of mysticeti.

Answer 22

right whales
- continuous ram suspension feeders: constantly filter-feeding as they move thru the water
rorqual whales
- intermittent ram suspension feeders
- longitudinal pleats expand when mouth opens to allow more water to enter the mouth