Scenario 5 + 9

Question 1

Explain the abiotic/biotic factors that shape each major deep sea ecosystem.

Answer 1

depth/diff zones (horizontal)
vertical zones (seafloor habitats

Question 2

abyssal plains are usually found in the…

Answer 2

abyssopelagic zone

Question 3

abyssopelagic zone- conditions, how many + what kinds of animals live here

Answer 3

600x as much pressure
many specialized animals
- tripod fish
- rattail fish
- octopuses
- sea cucumbers

Question 4

deep sea layers top to bottom AND DEPTH

Answer 4

mesopelagic (starts 650ft/200m)
bathypelagic (starts 3.3k ft/1k m)
abyssopelagic (starts 13.1k ft/4k m)
hadalpelagic (starts 19.7k ft/6k m)

Question 5

different seafloor habitats

Answer 5

abyssal plain
whale falls
hydrothermal vents
brine lakes
cold seeps
canyons + seamounts

Question 6

Describe various challenges faced by deep sea organisms and explain biological adaptations to these challenges.

Answer 6

symbiotic bacteria
quick development

Question 7

Phylum foraminifera

Answer 7

NOT gelatinous zooplankton
PROTISTAN zooplankton instead
external CALCIUM CARBONATE skeleton
Can stream out their cytoplasm thru pores in their shell to capture bacteria and phytoplankton
(more closely related to diatoms + dinof.s than other zooplankton)

Question 8

A group of zooplankton that utilize contractile pseudopodia to capture their food are called _______

Answer 8

Foraminiferans

Question 9

carbon cycle of the deep sea

Answer 9

Carbon can be stored in the deep ocean for decades or perhaps even centuries. When carbon sinks to the deep ocean, it can be locked away for millennia, so oceans can play a critical role in ultimately helping to fight climate change.
- either is a solute in seawater, is found in living organisms (calcium carbonate), or is buried in the seafloor

Question 10

negative impacts of deep sea mining

Answer 10

• habitat removal
• contamination
• sediment plumes
• erosion
• compaction of the seafloor