Scarlet fever

Question 1

Etiology

Answer 1

GroupAβ-hemolytic streptococcus(GAS)(S.pyogenes)

Question 2

Clinical manifestation

Answer 2

Infection : pharyngitis, tonsillitis, infected wound, or dermatoses.
Toxin syndrome(Scarlet Fever). Acutely ill with high fever, fatigue,sorethroat,headache,nausea, vomiting, and tachycardia.
Anterior cervical lymphadenitis associated with pharyngitis/tonsillitis. Scarlatiniform exanthema occurs in nonimmune persons.
Exanthem. Face flushed with perioral pallor. Finely punctate erythema is first noted on the upper part of the trunk ;may be accentuated in skin folds such as the neck,axillae,groin, antecubital,and popliteal fossae;linear petechiae(Pastia sign)occur in body folds.The palms and soles are usually spared.Initial punctate lesions become confluently erythematous,i.e.,scarlatiniorm. Exanthem fades within 4 to 5 days, followed by desquamation on the body and extremities and by sheet-like exfoliation on the palms and fingers as well as the soles and toes. In subclinical or mild
infections, exanthem and pharyngitis may pass unnoticed.
Enanthem.Pharynx beefy red.Forchheimer spots: small red macules on soft palate.Punctate petechiae may occur in the palate. White tongue: Initially is white with scattered red, swollen papillae (white strawberry tongue). Red strawberry tongue: By the fourth or third day, the hyper- keratotic membrane is sloughed, and the lingular mucosa appears bright red