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Anatomy Unit 3- Sav > Scapular and Pectoral Regions > Flashcards

Scapular and Pectoral Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Connects UL to the axial skeleton

A

Clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

Where does the UL articular with the sternum

A

Sternoclavicular

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3
Q

Is the sternum apart of the pectoral girdle

A

Sternum

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4
Q

From manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula

A

Clavicle

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5
Q

to act as a strut for holding the UL free from the trunk so it may have maximum range of motion

A

Function of the clavicle

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6
Q

posterolateral aspect of thorax (2nd to 7th ribs) – connect the clavicle to the humerus

A

Scapula

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7
Q 
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpal bones (wrist)
metacarpal bones of hand
phalanges (fingers)
A

Superior portion of appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

Another word for pectoral girdle

A

Shoulder or Shoulder girdle

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9
Q

2 joints of the shoulder complex

A

Sternoclavicular

Acromioclavicular Glenohumeral joints.

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10
Q

a synovial ball and socket articulation of the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

A

Glenohumeral joint

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11
Q

Multiaxial with a wide ROM usually provided at the cost of skeletal stability.

A

Glenohumeral joint

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12
Q

What provides joint stability to pectoral girdle?

A
  • rotator cuff muscles/tendons
  • long head of the biceps brachii m.
  • elated bony processes
  • extracapsular ligaments
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13
Q

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation and circumduction.

A

Movements of pectoral girdle

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14
Q

Shoulder pads

A

Deltoid m

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15
Q

Lats little helper

A

Teres major m

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16
Q

4 muscles of the rotator cuff

A
  • Supraspinatus m
  • Infraspinatus m
  • Teres minor m
  • Subscapularis m
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17
Q

Action of the deltoid

A

abducts humerus (1°), flexes, extends & rotates humerus (2°)

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18
Q

N: Axillary n. & Post. Circumflex Humeral vessels

A

Deltoid muscle

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19
Q

What vertebrae does the axillary nerve associated with?

A

C5, C6

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20
Q

Function of Teres Major

A

medially rotates & extends humerus

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21
Q

N: Lower (inferior) Subscapular n. & subscapular vessels

A

Teres Major muscle

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22
Q

Vertebrae associated with Lower subscapular nerve

A

C5-C7

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23
Q

Where does the action of teres major occur?

A

Glenohumeral joint

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24
Q

Contributes to adduction of the humerous

A

Teres Major m.

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25
Q

Action of Supraspinatus m.

A

abducts humerus (1st 15°)

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26
Q

What innervates Supraspinatus m

A
  • Suprascapular n. & vessels

- Dorsal scapular vessels

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27
Q

1st 15 degrees of abduction – initiates the abduction but doesn’t drop out when the deltoid begins acting

A

Supraspinatus

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28
Q

. The supraspinatus continues to play an active role reaching its maximum at approximately

A

110 deg of abduction

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29
Q

Action of the infraspinatus m

A

Laterally rotates humerus

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30
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

-Suprascapular n. & vessels -subscapular vessels

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31
Q

Spinal level associated with Suprascapular n

A

C5-C6

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32
Q

Spinal level associated with Axillary n

A

C5-C6

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33
Q

Action of Teres minor m

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

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34
Q

Innervention of Teres minor m

A
  • Axillary N

- Suprascapular and subscapular vessels

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35
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

Medial rotation of humerus

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36
Q

Innervation of subscapularis m

A
  • Upper and lower subscapular nn

- Subscapular vessels

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37
Q

Helps prevent upward displacement of head of humerus

A

Rotator cuff

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38
Q

Membranous sac containing lubricating synovial fluid

A

Subacromial (Subdeltoid) Bursa

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39
Q

Inferior to acromion & deltoid but superior to supraspinatus m.

A

Subacromial (Subdeltoid) Bursa

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40
Q

Does the subacromial bursa communicate with jt. capsule?

A

No

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41
Q

Bursa that are associated with the joint but not connected to it

A

Subacromial bursa and Supraspinatus muscle (joint capsule)

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42
Q

Between the acromnion

A

Subacromial (subdeltoid)

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43
Q

What causes the subacromial bursa to be continuous with the joint

A

Attrition of the supraspinatus tendon

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44
Q

When does the supraspinatus tendon usually degenerate?

A

Middle age

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45
Q

Up to ¼ of adults rupture supraspinatus tendon by

A

65

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46
Q

What happens when capsule opens, continuous with bursa

A

Painful shoulder with limited arm movement

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47
Q

Name the 3 spaces of the shoulder region

A
  • Quadrangular space
  • Triangular space
  • Triangular interval
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48
Q

What goes through Quadrangular space

A

Axillary N. and Posterior circumflex humeral a.

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49
Q

What does through the triangular space

A

Circumflex scapular a

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50
Q

What goes through triangular interval

A

Radial N. and Profunda brachii a

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51
Q

Muscles of the quadrangular space

A
  • Teres minor m
  • Teres major m
  • Long head of triceps brachii m
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52
Q

What does the quadrangular space contain?

A

Axillary n & posterior circumflex humeral vessels

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53
Q

Superior border of quadrangular space

A

Teres minor m

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54
Q

Inferior border of quadrangular space

A

Teres major m

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55
Q

Medial border of quadrangular space

A

Long head of triceps brachii m

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56
Q

Lateral border of quadrangular space

A

Surgical neck of humerus

57
Q

What are the components of the triangular space

A
  • Teres minor m
  • Teres major m
  • Long head of triceps brachii ,
58
Q

What does the triangular space contain

A

Circumflex scapular vessels

59
Q

What is the superior border of the triangular space?

A

Teres minor m

60
Q

What is the inferior border of the triangular space?

A

Teres major m

61
Q

What is the lateral border of the triangular space

A

long head of triceps brachii m.

62
Q

What are the components triangular interval?

A
  • Teres major m
  • Long head of triceps brachii
  • Lateral head of the triceps brachii.
63
Q

What is superior border of the Triangular interval

A

Teres major m

64
Q

What is the medial border of the triangular interval

A

Long head of the triceps brachii

65
Q

What is the lateral border of the triangular interval

A

Lateral head of the triceps brachii m

66
Q

What does the triangular interval?

A

Radial n & Deep brachial a

67
Q

Another name for the deep brachial artery

A

Profunda brachial a

68
Q

Neurovascular supply of the shoulder region

A
  • Suprascapular n and a
  • Dorsal Scapular n and a
  • Accessory n. and transverse cervical a.
  • Upper and lower subscapular nerves and Subscapular art
69
Q

What is the spinal correlation of Suprascapular N.

A

Ventral rami of C5-C6

70
Q

Runs under supr. trans. scap. lig. thru suprascap. notch

A

Suprascapular nerve

71
Q

What does the subscapular nerve branch off of?

A

Thyrocervical trunk

72
Q

Runs over supr. trans. scap. lig. above suprascap. notch

A

Suprascapular artery

73
Q

What does the suprascapular n and a supply?

A

Supraspinatus m and infraspinatus m

74
Q

Pass thru spinoglenoid notch to infraspinatus fossa

A

Suprascapular n and a

75
Q

Runs under the superior transverse scapular ligament

A

Suprascapular nerve

76
Q

Passes over the superior transverse scapular ligament

A

Suprascapular artery

77
Q

What does the dorsal scapular nerve come off of?

A

Ventral ramus of C5

78
Q

What does the deep trans. cervical a come off of

A

Deep trans. cervical a.

79
Q

What does the dorsal scapular nerve and deep transverse cervical a supply?

A

Levator scapulae and rhomboid mm

80
Q

Run parallel to vertebral border of scapula

A

dorsal scapular nerve and deep transverse cervical a

81
Q

What does the accesory nerve come off of?

A

Brainstem (CN XI)

82
Q

What does the transverse cervical artery come off of

A

Superficial transverse cervical a

83
Q

Branch of the thryocervical trunk

A

Superficial transverse artery

84
Q

Runs deep to trapezius m

A

Superficial transverse a

85
Q

What do the accesory n and transverse cervical a supply

86
Q

What is on the deep surface of trapezius m

A

Accessory n

87
Q

ventral rami (cut) at the medial edge that contribute to the plexus

88
Q

runs deep to the trapezius m., posterolaterally from the thyrocervical trunk

A

Transverse cervical a. and v.

89
Q

Comes off of the posterior cord of brachial plexus

A

Upper and lower Subscapular Nerves

90
Q

Ventral rami of C5-C6

A

Upper and lower Subscapular Nerves

91
Q

Comes off of the axillary artery

A

Subscapular artery

92
Q

What does the subscapular artery split into

A
  • Thoracodorsal a

- Circumflex scapular a

93
Q

What does the upper and lower subscapular nerves and subscapular a supply?

A

Subscapularis m

94
Q

What supplies teres major m

A

Lower subscapular nerve and subscapular artery

95
Q

What does the subscapular artery anastome with

A

Suprascapular and dorsal scapular artery

96
Q

What type of circulation is in the scapular region

A

Collateral

97
Q

What ensures adequate blood supply to UL

A

Collateral circulation of the scapular region

98
Q

In event of insufficient circulation where does collateral circulation flow through?

A

Axillary a / temporary ligation

99
Q

What is collateral circulation by?

A

Thyrocervical trunkn and subscapular a

100
Q

Ligated axillary a ligates between

A

thyrocervical trunk and subscapular artery

101
Q

Where is the blood flow in scapular region reversed in collateral circulation

A

Subscapular artery

102
Q

Where can blood not flow to UL if there is damage

A

Anywhere distal to scapula

103
Q

Region of m. attachment between upper limb and anterior chest

A

Pectoral Region

104
Q

What is the pectoral region composed of

A

Pec major m and pec minor m

105
Q

What is the pec major divided into

A

Clavicular and sternocostal heads

106
Q

What envelopes pec minor

A

Clavipectoral fascia

107
Q

What is the action of pectoralis major

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

108
Q

What innervates the pectoralis major m

A
  • Medial and lateral pectoral muscle

- Thoracoacrominal vessels

109
Q

Action of pectoralis minor

A

Protracts scapular

110
Q

What innervates pectoralis minor

A
  • Medial pectoral n

- Thoracoacromial vessels

111
Q

Pectoral region arterial supply

A
  • Lateral thoracic (mammary) a
  • Internal thoracic (mammary) a
  • Thoracoacromial a
112
Q

What is the lateral thoracic artery a branch of

A

Axillary a

113
Q

What does the lateral thoracic a run with

A

long thoracic n

114
Q

Supplies lateral thorax, lateral pec region, and lateral breast

A

Lateral thoracic artery

115
Q

What does the lateral thoracic artery run superficial to

A

Serratus anterior m

116
Q

What is the thoracoacromial artery a branch of

A

Axillary a. (under pec minor)

117
Q

4 branches off of thoracoacromial artery

A
  • Pectoral a
  • Clavicular a
  • Acromial a
  • Deltoid a
118
Q

What branch of thoracoacromial artery supplies upper pec region

A

Pectoral a

119
Q

Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies clavicle region

A

Clavicular a

120
Q

Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies upper should region

A

Acromial a

121
Q

Branch of thoracoacromial a that supplies lower shoulder region

122
Q

Pectoral region innervation

A
  • Cutaneous nerves
  • Medial pectoral nerve
  • Lateral pectoral nerve
  • Long thoracic nerve
123
Q

Spinal level of cutaneous nerves

124
Q

lateral & anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nn.

A

Cutaneous nerves

125
Q

Purpose of cutaneous nerves

A

General sensory

126
Q

Medial cord of brachial plexus

A

Medial pectoral nerve

127
Q

Where is the median pectoral nerve derived from?

A

Ventral rami

C8-T1

128
Q

What does the medial pectoral nerve pierce and enter?

A

Pierces pectoralis minor m to enter pectoralis major m

129
Q

What does the medial pectoral nerve supply?

A

Pectoralis minor m and part of pectoralis major m

130
Q

Lateral cord of brachial plexus

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

131
Q

Where is the lateral pectoral nerve derived from

A

Ventral rami

C5-C7

132
Q

Runs above pectoralis minor m. to enter pectoralis major m.

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

133
Q

What does the lateral pectoral nerve supply

A

Pec major m

134
Q

Where is the long thoracic nerve derived from

A

Ventral rami

C5-C7

135
Q

What does the long thoracic nerve supply?

A

Serratus anterior m superficially

136
Q

What can be damaged during mastectomy

A

Long thoracic nerve

137
Q

What does damage to the long thoracic nerve cause

A

Winged scapula

138
Q

Holds UL to thoracic wall

A

Long thoracic nerve

139
Q

Lies on the superficial surface of serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

Anatomy Unit 3- Sav (5 decks)

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