Scan Planes & Terms Flashcards
Sagittal
Splits the body vertically into UNEQUAL left and right sections
Transverse
Splits the body into UNEQUAL top and bottom sections
Coronal/Frontal
Splits the body into UNEQUAL anterior and posterior planes
Echogenicity
the ability to produce an echo or reflections of the sound beam
Echogenic
containing structures that reflect high-frequency sound waves; a structure or medium that is capable of producing echos
Hyperechoic
denoting a region in which the echoes are stronger or brighter than normal or than the surrounding structures; the opposite of hypoechoic
What’s the difference between hyperechoic and echogenic?
NOTHING!
Hypoechoic
a region in which the echoes are weaker or less bright or fewer than normal or surrounding regions; the opposite of hyperechoic
Isoechoic
having the same relative echogenicity as a surrounding structure
Anechoic
without echoes; used in terms of characterizing an organ or a mass when compared to the parenchyma around it
Heterogeneous
non-uniform; irregular, composed of mixtures of different kinds
Homogeneous
uniform; composed of the same element
Cystic
without echoes; will have smooth, well-defined borders, and posterior acoustic enhancement; used in terms of identifying abnormalities
The bladder is (cystic/anechoic) compared to the uterus, but a mass on an organ is (cystic/anechoic).
anechoic; cystic
Solid
echogenic shades of gray that represent internal tissue composition
Complex
contains BOTH cystic and solid tissue components
Acoustic enhancement
the appearance of sound waves that pass unobstructed through and beyond fluid; the manifestation of increased acoustic signal amplitudes returning from regions lying beyond an object that causes little or no attenuation of the sound beam
Attenuation
a decrease in intensity, power, and amplitude of a sound wave as it travels through a medium; attenuated sound will either scatter, diverge or absorb
Absorption
a component of attenuation; occurs when ultrasonic energy is converted into another energy form like heat; the sound beam decreases as it is absorbed into the medium
Shadowing
the reflecting or absorbing of a sound wave, creating an echogenic anterior surface and an anechoic posterior surface; shadowing is demonstrated distal to a structure
Anterior - Sagittal
anterior
superior inferior
posterior
Anterior - Transverse
anterior
right left
posterior
Posterior - Sagittal
posterior
superior inferior
anterior
Posterior - Transverse
posterior
left right
anterior
Left Lateral - Sagittal
left
superior inferior
medial
Left Lateral - Transverse
left
anterior posterior
medial
Right Lateral - Coronal
right
superior inferior
medial
Right Lateral - Transverse
right
posterior anterior
medial
Endovaginal - Sagittal
inferior
anterior posterior
superior
Endovaginal - Coronal
inferior
right left
posterior (superior?)
Median plane
a vertical plane that bisects the body into right and left halves
Ventral
toward the front of the body
Dorsal
toward the back of the body
Medial
nearer to or toward the midline
Lateral
farther from the midline or to the side of the body
Proximal
closer to the point of origin or closer to the body
Distal
away from the point of origin or away from the body
Cranial
toward the head
Caudal
towards the feet
