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Dermatology > Scaling or Greasy Skin > Flashcards

Scaling or Greasy Skin Flashcards

1
Q

seborrhea sicca

A

dry form

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2
Q

seborrhea oleosa

A

greasy form

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3
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A

accompanied with by inflammation

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4
Q

seborrhea

A

disorders of the skin resulting in excessively scaly or greasy skin

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5
Q

seborrhea can be produced by disorders that cause

A

altered cellular proliferation, differentiation or desquamation

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6
Q

in addition to flaky or oily skin and hair, how can patients present with seborrhea

A

malodor or pruritus

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7
Q

general causes of altered cellular proliferation, differentiation or desquamation

A

any cause of inflammation, endocrine imbalances, nutritional factors and environmental factors

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8
Q

major differentials for scaling or greasy skin

A

malassezia dermatitis, sebaceous adenitis, keratinization disorders (primary idiopathic seborrhea), pyoderma/bacterial overgrowth syndrome, demodicosis, dermatophytosis, vitamin a responsive dermatosis, endocrine skin disease, cheyletiella, ichthyosis, cutaneous lymphoma, paraneoplastic disorders

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9
Q

what diagnostic test is very significant in scaling or greasy skin

A

skin scrapings and cytology

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10
Q

three major causes of crusting

A

pyoderma, demodicosis, dermatophytosis

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11
Q

what is malassezia dermatitis

A

a fungal skin infection caused by a lipophilic commensal yeast

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12
Q

most common cause of malassezia dermatitis

A

malassezia pachydermatis

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13
Q

true or false: malassezia dermatitis is more common in dogs than cats

A

true

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14
Q

which bacteria is malassezia said to have a symbiotic relationship with

A

staphylococci

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15
Q

does malassezia invade the skin

A

no, proliferates on the surface

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16
Q

what does the surface over-proliferation of malassezia cause

A

inflammatory or hypersensitivity reactions to the products of the yeast

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17
Q

what areas of the body does malassezia thrive in

A

areas with of skin with higher humidity, skin folds, greasy (seborrheic) skin and in areas with staphylococcal overgrowth

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18
Q

which breeds have a genetic predisposition to malassezia overgrowth

A

shih tzu, lhasa apsos, west highland white terriers, basset hounds and devon rex cats

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19
Q

what underlying conditions can be associated with malassezia

A

atopic dermatitis, seborrheic disorders, pyoderma, endocrine disorders

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20
Q

what clinical sign is a consistent feature in malassezia dermatitis

A

pruritus – can be severe

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21
Q

which areas are commonly affected in malassezia dermatitis

A

feet, lip folds, nailbeds, ventral neck, other folds

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22
Q

lesions of localized malassezia dermatitis

A

erythematous, greasy, brown discoloration

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23
Q

lesions of generalized malassezia dermatitis

A

erythematous, greasy, scaly, crusty, rancid odor (corn chips)

24
Q

what do cats most commonly show with malassezia

A

otitis externa

25
diagnosis of malassezia dermatitis
cytologic exam -- tape preparation
26
how many yeast are significant for malassezia dermatitis
1 or more per oil immersion field
27
are fungal cultures useful in diagnosing malassezia dermatitis
no
28
can skin biopsies diagnose malassezia dermatitis
it can but is also very easy to miss the organism
29
treatment of malassezia dermatitis is best done with a combination of
systemic and topical therapy
30
with what drug and for how long is malasezzia treated systemically
ketoconazole for 7 days past a clinical cure (2-4 weeks total)
31
which animals should ketoconazole not be used in
cats; | dogs with liver disease
32
when an animal is on an antifungal drugs systemically, what should clients do if lethargy or inappetence occur
stop immediately -- rare potential for idiosyncratic hepatopathy
33
which drugs does ketoconazole interact with
cyclosporine, ivermectin
34
examples of topical therapy for malassezia dermatitis
shampoos containing miconazole or selenium sulfide or ketoconazole
35
what is the best topical treatment for malassezia dermatitis that is not yet available in canada
miconazole + chlorhexidine shampoo
36
what is key to controlling malassezia overgrowth recurrence in patients
control any concurrent disease or underlying condition
37
what is granulomatous sebaceous adenitis
an idiopathic, heritable inflammatory skin disorder in dogs affecting sebaceous glands in young to middle ages dogs
38
what occurs regarding the sebaceous glands in sebaceous adenitis
progressive destruction of sebaceous glands and with that loss of sebum production
39
breed predisposition to sebaceous adenitis
standard poodle (autosomal recessive), samoyed, akita
40
signs of sebaceous adenitis
progressive areas of hair loss, poor hair coat, dry hair, excessive scaling and follicular plugging and casts
41
what endocrine disease is it easy to mistake sebaceous adenitis for
hypothyroidism
42
what secondary infection is common with sebaceous adenitis
pyoderma
43
diagnosis of sebaceous adenitis
characteristic inflammatory pattern or with chronic cases you can see absence of sebaceous glands -- skin biopsy
44
treatment of sebaceous adenitis aims to
restore oil to skin surface and hair follicles
45
treatment options for sebaceous adenitis
fatty acid supplementation; topical therapy is key -- bath oil to wet skin; cyclosporine
46
what is primary idiopathic seborrhea
a disorder of keratinization leading to more rapid epidermal cell renewal time
47
what breed is primary idiopathic seborrhea common in
cocker spaniel
48
what is the epidermal cell renewal time in a cocker spaniel with primary idiopathic seborrhea
8 days (versus normal at 21 days)
49
common findings with primary idiopathic seborrhea
dull coat, excessive flaking, greasy malodorous skin, otitis externa; can see digital hyperkeratosis and brittle claws
50
diagnosis of primary idiopathic seborrhea
skin biopsy and exclusion of other causes of scaling/greasy skin
51
why is it important to exclude other causes of scaling/greasy skin in patients with primary idiopathic seborrhea
because primary and secondary seborrhea look histologically similar
52
is primary seborrhea curable
no, but is manageable with shampoos and conditioners
53
true or false: secondary infections commonly occur with primary seborrhea and are important to control
true
54
in addition to shampoos and conditioners, what can be used to treat dogs with primary seborrhea
omega-6 and omega-3 FA
55
what is vitamin A responsive dermatosis
condition in cocker spaniels with ADULT ONSET that is characterized by marked follicular plugging and hyperkeratotic plaques
56
how is a diagnosis of vitamin A responsive dermatosis made
response to vitamin A therapy

Dermatology (10 decks)

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