⭐️SC3 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

What did jhon dalton think?

Answer 1

• All matter is made of atoms
• atoms are tiny hard spheres that can’t be broken down
• atoms can’t be created or destroyed
• atoms in an element are identical

Question 2

How did J.J Thomson discover atoms contain even smaller particles?

Answer 2

By discovering the mass of particles in glowing rays of a mostly airless glass tube that has had a voltage applied to, where about 1800 times lighter than the lightest atom suggesting they contain subatomic particles known as electrons

Question 3

Describe the structure of an atom?

Answer 3

Tiny central nucleus made of protons and neutrons containing most of the atoms mass with electrons orbiting in electron shells

Question 4

Why do atoms in elements have no overall charge?

Answer 4

As they have equal numbers of protons and electrons so the charge cancels out

Question 5

What’s the overall diameter of an atom in relation to its nucleus?

Answer 5

100,000 times the diameter of its nucleus

Question 6

How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a beryllium atom?

Answer 6

4 electrons, 4 protons and 5 neutrons

Question 7

How did Rutherford investigate the structure of atoms in his gold foil experiment?

Answer 7

Fired +particles to the foil and the particles passed straight through with few being deflected suggesting the atoms are mostly empty space with a small central nucleus that contains most of the mass

Question 8

Carbon has an atomic number of 6, how many protons does it have?

Answer 8

6 protons

Question 9

In what order were elements of the periodic table originally placed?

Answer 9

Order of increasing mass number

Question 10

Why were some elements swapped around?

Answer 10

As the order of increasing mass number some elements to be grouped with others that had different properties to them

Question 11

In what order does the modern periodic table paleo elements?

Answer 11

Order of increasing atomic number (not mass number, the bottom one in the periodic table in the planner). This is what define san element

Question 12

What are isotopes?

Answer 12

Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers

Question 13

What did the understanding of neutrons lead to?

Answer 13

That by firing neutrons at a uranium isotope, the nucleus can be split producing large amounts of energy discovering nuclear energy

Question 14

How do you calculate the relative atomic mass of an atom using abundance?

Answer 14

(RAM1 x isotopic abundance1)+(RAM2 x isotopic abundance2) divided by the sum of the abundances