SC2d - Distillation Flashcards
How is simple distillation used?
To separate a liquid from a solid and keep the liquid
How is fractional distillation used?
To separate two liquids
What are the two stages to simple distillation?
Evaporating the liquid by heating
Condense the vapour back to liquid by cooling
What does the liquid from the vapour become?
Pure
What is distillation?
The combination of evaporation followed by condensation
Where does the liquid condense in simple distillation?
The delivery tube
What is bad about the vapour collection in simple distillation using a simple still?
A lot of vapour can be lost
Why does fractional distillation work?
Some liquids boil easier than others
What are the uses of fractional distillation in everyday life?
To separate the different products in crude oil
To make alcoholic drinks
To separate gases in air once it reaches liquid state at -200 degrees Celsius
Fractional distillation is performed on liquid A boiling point 65 degrees and liquid B boiling point 100 degrees
Which liquid is collected first?
Liquid A as it evaporates first
What does the condenser contain?
Circulating cold water
What happens when vapours hit the fractionating column in fractional distillation?
They condense and drip back into the flask where the liquids evaporate again. The repeated condensing and evaporating increases the amount of the lower boiling point chemical in the fractionating column
In fractional distillation, what happens when the thermometer stops rising?
There is a pure chemical passing into the condenser
What does it mean when the temperature on the thermometer rises in fractional distillation?
There is a mixture of vapours are passing into the condenser
When is it much harder to separate two liquids in fractional distillation?
When they have similar boiling points
