SB8 - Exchange and Transport in Animals

Question 1

aerobic respiration

Answer 1

a type of respiration in which oxygen is used to release energy from substances such as glucose.

Question 2

alveoli

Answer 2

small pockets in the lungs in which gasses are exchanged between the air and the blood

Question 3

atrium

Answer 3

an upper chamber in the heart that recieves blood from the veins

Question 4

capillaries

Answer 4

a tiny blood vessel with thin walls to allow for the transfer of substances between the blood and tissues

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

Chemical processes by which living cells produce energy in the cell

Question 6

circulatory system

Answer 6

The system that moves blood through the body. It consists of the heart, arteries, veins and capilaries

Question 7

concentration gradient

Answer 7

The difference between two concentrations. There will be an overall movement of particles down a concentration gradient, from higher concentration to lower concentration.

Question 8

diffusion

Answer 8

The random movement and spreading of particles. There is a net diffusion of particles from regions of high concentration to regions of lower concentration.

Question 9

directly proportional

Answer 9

A linear relationship in which the percentage change ina variable occurs with an equal percentage change in another variable. A direct proportion is seen as a straight line through the origin when the two variables are plotted on a graph.

Question 10

exothermic

Answer 10

A type of reaction in which energy is transferred to the surroundings from the reactants

Question 11

gas exchange

Answer 11

A process in which one gas diffuses across a membrane and other gas diffused in the opposite direction.

Question 12

glucose

Answer 12

A sugar produced by the digestion of carbohydrates and needed for respiration.

Question 13

heart attack

Answer 13

When the heart stops pumping properly due to a lack of oxygen reaching part of its muscle tissue.

Question 14

heart rate

Answer 14

the number of heart beats in a unit of time, usually per minute (BPM [beats per minute])

Question 15

impulses

Answer 15

An electical signal transmitted along a neurone.

Question 16

lactic acid

Answer 16

The waste product of anerobic respiration in animal cells

Question 17

linear relationship

Answer 17

A relationship between two variables shown by a straight line on a graph.

Question 18

metabolism

Answer 18

all the chemical reactions that occur in your body

Question 19

mitochondria

Answer 19

A sub-cellular structure in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells where aerobic respiration occurs.

Question 20

multicellular organisms

Answer 20

An organism made up of many cells.

Question 21

pulmonary vein

Answer 21

A vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 22

stroke volume

Answer 22

The volume of blood that the heart can pump out with each beat.

Question 23

surface area : volume ration (SA:V)

Answer 23

The amount of surface area of an object divided by its volume

Question 24

urea

Answer 24

A waste product produced in the liver from excess amino acids.

Question 25

vena cava

Answer 25

A major vein leading to the heart

Question 26

ventricles

Answer 26

A lower chamber in the heart that pumps blood out into the arteries.